Install Cassandra on Fedora
It was quite interesting to discover that DataStax no longer provides the DataStax Community version of Apache Cassandra or the DataStax Distribution of Apache Cassandra. Needless to say, I was quite disappointed because it means folks will get less opportunity to learn how to use Cassandra because it makes it more difficult for beginning developers.
I spent a good hour sorting through what was available and then figuring out the real requirements to install Apache Cassandra 3.11. These are the instructions.
Install Java and JRE as Prerequisites
If you don’t have the JRE installed, you should download it from Oracle’s website and install it. After you download the latest version of the JRE package (
jre-8u141-linux-x64.rpm). You should use the rpm utility to install the JRE package, like the following example:
rpm -ivh /home/student/Downloads/jre-8*.rpm |
It should generate the following installation report:
Preparing... ################################# [100%] package jre1.8.0_141-1.8.0_141-fcs.x86_64 is already installed sh-4.2# rpm -qa jre sh-4.2# rpm -qf jre error: file /jre: No such file or directory sh-4.2# rpm -qa | grep jre jre1.8.0_141-1.8.0_141-fcs.x86_64 sh-4.2# rpm -qa | grep jre | rpm -qi rpm: no arguments given for query sh-4.2# rpm -qi `rpm -qa | grep jre` Name : jre1.8.0_141 Version : 1.8.0_141 Release : fcs Architecture: x86_64 Install Date: Mon 24 Jul 2017 11:09:58 PM PDT Group : Development/Tools Size : 139460427 License : http://java.com/license Signature : (none) Source RPM : jre1.8.0_141-1.8.0_141-fcs.src.rpm Build Date : Wed 12 Jul 2017 04:47:52 AM PDT Build Host : jdk7-lin2-amd64 Relocations : /usr/java Packager : Java Software <jre-comments@java.sun.com> Vendor : Oracle Corporation URL : URL_REF Summary : Java Platform Standard Edition Runtime Environment Description : The Java Platform Standard Edition Runtime Environment (JRE) contains everything necessary to run applets and applications designed for the Java platform. This includes the Java virtual machine, plus the Java platform classes and supporting files. The JRE is freely redistributable, per the terms of the included license. |
Confirm Java and JRE Installation
You can check the current installed version of Java and JRE by using the
alternatives utility with the --config option and the keyword of java or jre.
sh-4.2# alternatives --config java |
It should generate the following list when you check for the java library:
There are 3 programs which provide 'java'. Selection Command ----------------------------------------------- * 1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.79-2.5.5.0.fc20.x86_64/jre/bin/java + 2 /usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64/bin/java 3 /usr/java/jre1.8.0_141/bin/java Enter to keep the current selection[+], or type selection number: |
It should generate the following list when you check for the javac library:
There are 2 programs which provide 'javac'. Selection Command ----------------------------------------------- * 1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.79-2.5.5.0.fc20.x86_64/bin/javac + 2 /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64/bin/javac Enter to keep the current selection[+], or type selection number: |
After installing and selecting them as the designated alternative, if you have more than one Java or JRE installed on your OS, you should create a configuration file for the root user. You should include the following to set your $PATH, $JAVA_HOME, and $JRE_HOME environment variables:
# Add the Java and JRE paths to the $PATH environments. export set PATH=$PATH:/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.45.x86_64:/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.45.x86_64/jre # Add the $JAVA_HOME and $JRE_HOME environment variables. export set JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.45.x86_64/ export set JRE_HOME=/usr |
Install Apache Cassandra
The
yum utility is the best way to install Apache Cassandra. However, you will need to configure the /etc/yum.repos.d/cassandra.repo before you attempt to install Cassandra 3.11 from the Apache organization, like this:
[cassandra] name=Apache Cassandra baseurl=https://www.apache.org/dist/cassandra/redhat/311x/ gpgcheck=1 repo_gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://www.apache.org/dist/cassandra/KEYS |
After you’ve added the necessary yum configuration file and ensured you’re using both Java 1.8 and JRE 1.8, you can install Apache Cassandra with the following yum command as the root user or as a sudoer member with the sudo command:
yum install -y cassandra |
If successful, you should see the following output:
Loaded plugins: langpacks, refresh-packagekit cassandra/signature | 819 B 00:00 cassandra/signature | 2.9 kB 00:00 !!! mysql-connectors-community | 2.5 kB 00:00 mysql-tools-community | 2.5 kB 00:00 mysql56-community | 2.5 kB 00:00 http://yum.postgresql.org/9.3/fedora/fedora-20-x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] HTTP Error 404 - Not Found Trying other mirror. updates/20/x86_64/metalink | 2.6 kB 00:00 Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package cassandra.noarch 0:3.11.0-1 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ================================================================================ Package Arch Version Repository Size ================================================================================ Installing: cassandra noarch 3.11.0-1 cassandra 28 M Transaction Summary ================================================================================ Install 1 Package Total download size: 28 M Installed size: 37 M Downloading packages: warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/20/cassandra/packages/cassandra-3.11.0-1.noarch.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fe4b2bda: NOKEY Public key for cassandra-3.11.0-1.noarch.rpm is not installed cassandra-3.11.0-1.noarch.rpm | 28 MB 00:07 Retrieving key from https://www.apache.org/dist/cassandra/KEYS Importing GPG key 0xF2833C93: Userid : "Eric Evans <eevans@sym-link.com>" Fingerprint: cec8 6bb4 a0ba 9d0f 9039 7cae f835 8fa2 f283 3c93 From : https://www.apache.org/dist/cassandra/KEYS Importing GPG key 0x8D77295D: Userid : "Eric Evans <eevans@sym-link.com>" Fingerprint: c496 5ee9 e301 5d19 2ccc f2b6 f758 ce31 8d77 295d From : https://www.apache.org/dist/cassandra/KEYS Importing GPG key 0x2B5C1B00: Userid : "Sylvain Lebresne (pcmanus) <sylvain@datastax.com>" Fingerprint: 5aed 1bf3 78e9 a19d ade1 bcb3 4bd7 36a8 2b5c 1b00 From : https://www.apache.org/dist/cassandra/KEYS Importing GPG key 0x0353B12C: Userid : "T Jake Luciani <jake@apache.org>" Fingerprint: 514a 2ad6 31a5 7a16 dd00 47ec 749d 6eec 0353 b12c From : https://www.apache.org/dist/cassandra/KEYS Importing GPG key 0xFE4B2BDA: Userid : "Michael Shuler <michael@pbandjelly.org>" Fingerprint: a26e 528b 271f 19b9 e5d8 e19e a278 b781 fe4b 2bda From : https://www.apache.org/dist/cassandra/KEYS Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction (shutdown inhibited) Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum. Installing : cassandra-3.11.0-1.noarch 1/1 Verifying : cassandra-3.11.0-1.noarch 1/1 Installed: cassandra.noarch 0:3.11.0-1 Complete! |
Starting Cassandra
You should start Cassandra as the
cassandra user. Before starting Cassandra, you need to create a .bashrc file for the cassandra user because one isn’t created by default since you can’t log on to the Linux OS as the cassandra user. The home directory for the cassandra user is /var/lib/cassandra and the owner of that directory is the root user.
As the root user, create the following .bashrc file for the cassandra user:
# Wrap sqlplus with rlwrap to edit prior lines with the # up, down, left and right keys. cqlsh() { if [ "$RLWRAP" = "0" ]; then cqlsh "$@" else rlwrap cqlsh "$@" fi } # Set vi as a command line editor. set -o vi # Add the Java and JRE paths to the $PATH environments. export set PATH=$PATH:/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.45.x86_64:/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.45.x86_64/jre # Add the $JAVA_HOME and $JRE_HOME environment variables. export set JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.45.x86_64/ export set JRE_HOME=/usr |
You should start Cassandra in background, like this:
cassandra |
Using Cassandra
As the student user in my developer Fedora instance, you should be able to connect using the following:
cqlsh |
You will see the following:
Connected to Test Cluster at 127.0.0.1:9042. [cqlsh 5.0.1 | Cassandra 3.11.0 | CQL spec 3.4.4 | Native protocol v4] Use HELP for help. cqlsh> HELP Documented shell commands: =========================== CAPTURE CLS COPY DESCRIBE EXPAND LOGIN SERIAL SOURCE UNICODE CLEAR CONSISTENCY DESC EXIT HELP PAGING SHOW TRACING CQL help topics: ================ AGGREGATES CREATE_KEYSPACE DROP_TRIGGER TEXT ALTER_KEYSPACE CREATE_MATERIALIZED_VIEW DROP_TYPE TIME ALTER_MATERIALIZED_VIEW CREATE_ROLE DROP_USER TIMESTAMP ALTER_TABLE CREATE_TABLE FUNCTIONS TRUNCATE ALTER_TYPE CREATE_TRIGGER GRANT TYPES ALTER_USER CREATE_TYPE INSERT UPDATE APPLY CREATE_USER INSERT_JSON USE ASCII DATE INT UUID BATCH DELETE JSON BEGIN DROP_AGGREGATE KEYWORDS BLOB DROP_COLUMNFAMILY LIST_PERMISSIONS BOOLEAN DROP_FUNCTION LIST_ROLES COUNTER DROP_INDEX LIST_USERS CREATE_AGGREGATE DROP_KEYSPACE PERMISSIONS CREATE_COLUMNFAMILY DROP_MATERIALIZED_VIEW REVOKE CREATE_FUNCTION DROP_ROLE SELECT CREATE_INDEX DROP_TABLE SELECT_JSON |
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