MacLochlainns Weblog

After installing AlmaLinux in a VMware VM on my MacBook Pro (Intel Chip), and updating the packages with the following command:

sudo dnf upgrade --refresh -y

MySQL was first on my installation and configuration list. Here are the commands to install and configure it on AlmaLinux.

Install the MySQL Server packages and dependents:

sudo dnf install mysql mysql-server -y

Install the MySQL service utilities with the initscripts package, using the following command:

sudo yum install -y initscripts

Start the MySQL daemon with the following command:

sudo service mysqld start

Connect and verify the root user can connect to the database. At this point, you’ve not set the root user’s password and should use the following syntax:

mysql -uroot

It should connect and display:

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 10
Server version: 8.0.30 Source distribution
 
Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
 
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
 
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
 
mysql>

Exit MySQL and run the following command:

mysql_secure_installation

It’ll run you through the following prompts, which you may change to suit your installation. My choices are a trivial student database isolated inside a VM.

Securing the MySQL server deployment.
 
Connecting to MySQL using a blank password.
 
VALIDATE PASSWORD COMPONENT can be used to test passwords
and improve security. It checks the strength of password
and allows the users to set only those passwords which are
secure enough. Would you like to setup VALIDATE PASSWORD component?
 
Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: n
Please set the password for root here.
 
New password: 
 
Re-enter new password: 
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them. This is intended only for
testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
You should remove them before moving into a production
environment.
 
Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
Success.
 
 
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network.
 
Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
Success.
 
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
and should be removed before moving into a production
environment.
 
Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
 - Dropping test database...
Success.
 
 - Removing privileges on test database...
Success.
 
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.
 
Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
Success.
 
All done!

The next step requires setting up the sample sakila and studentdb database. The syntax has changed from prior releases. Here are the new three steps:

1. Grant the root user the privilege to grant to others, which root does not have by default. You use the following syntax as the MySQL root user:

   mysql> GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'root'@'localhost';

   mysql> GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'root'@'localhost';

2. Download the sakila database, which you can download from this site. Click on the sakila database’s TGZ download.

   

   When you download the sakila zip file it creates a sakila-db folder in the /home/student/Downloads directory. Copy the sakila-db folder into the /home/student/Data/sakila directory. Then, change to the /home/student/Data/sakila/sakila-db directory, connect to mysql as the root user, and run the following command:

   mysql> SOURCE /home/student/Data/sakila/sakila-db/sakila-schema.sql mysql> SOURCE /home/student/Data/sakila/sakila-db/sakila-data.sql

   mysql> SOURCE /home/student/Data/sakila/sakila-db/sakila-schema.sql mysql> SOURCE /home/student/Data/sakila/sakila-db/sakila-data.sql

3. Create the studentdb database with the following command as the MySQL root user:

   mysql> CREATE DATABASE studentdb;

   mysql> CREATE DATABASE studentdb;

4. Create the user with a clear English password and grant the user student full privileges on the sakila and studentdb databases:

   mysql> CREATE USER 'student'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'student'; mysql> GRANT ALL ON studentdb.* TO 'student'@'localhost'; mysql> GRANT ALL ON sakila.* TO 'student'@'localhost';

   mysql> CREATE USER 'student'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'student'; mysql> GRANT ALL ON studentdb.* TO 'student'@'localhost'; mysql> GRANT ALL ON sakila.* TO 'student'@'localhost';

You can now connect to a sandboxed sakila database with the student user’s credentials, like:

mysql -ustudent -p -Dsakila

or, you can now connect to a sandboxed studentdb database with the student user’s credentials, like:

mysql -ustudent -p -Dstudentdb

As always, I hope code and step complete instructions help others get things done more quickly.