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SQL 1 v.s. SQL 3

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In Alan Beaulieu’s wonderful book Learning SQL: Generate, Manipulate, and Retrieve Data, he uses a SQL 1 to demonstrates a CROSS JOIN in MySQL counting from 1 to 100. My students always find it difficult to read because the subqueries take so much space it makes it difficult to see the process, for example he gives this SQL 1 solution:

SELECT ones.x + tens.x + 1 AS counter
FROM
 (SELECT 0 AS x UNION ALL
  SELECT 1 AS x UNION ALL
  SELECT 2 AS x UNION ALL
  SELECT 3 AS x UNION ALL
  SELECT 4 AS x UNION ALL
  SELECT 5 AS x UNION ALL
  SELECT 6 AS x UNION ALL
  SELECT 7 AS x UNION ALL
  SELECT 8 AS x UNION ALL
  SELECT 9 AS x ) ones CROSS JOIN
 (SELECT 0 AS x UNION ALL
  SELECT 10 AS x UNION ALL
  SELECT 20 AS x UNION ALL
  SELECT 30 AS x UNION ALL
  SELECT 40 AS x UNION ALL
  SELECT 50 AS x UNION ALL
  SELECT 60 AS x UNION ALL
  SELECT 70 AS x UNION ALL
  SELECT 80 AS x UNION ALL
  SELECT 90 AS x ) tens
ORDER BY counter;

While anybody with a command of SQL should be able to see how it works, for those new to SQL it’s difficult. It’s more effective to use a Common Table Expression with the WITH clause because the derived tables become variables in the scope of the WITH clause and the final query works more like a CROSS JOIN between two tables:

WITH ones AS
 (SELECT 0 AS x UNION ALL
  SELECT 1 AS x UNION ALL
  SELECT 2 AS x UNION ALL
  SELECT 3 AS x UNION ALL
  SELECT 4 AS x UNION ALL
  SELECT 5 AS x UNION ALL
  SELECT 6 AS x UNION ALL
  SELECT 7 AS x UNION ALL
  SELECT 8 AS x UNION ALL
  SELECT 9 AS x )
, tens AS
 (SELECT 0 AS x UNION ALL
  SELECT 10 AS x UNION ALL
  SELECT 20 AS x UNION ALL
  SELECT 30 AS x UNION ALL
  SELECT 40 AS x UNION ALL
  SELECT 50 AS x UNION ALL
  SELECT 60 AS x UNION ALL
  SELECT 70 AS x UNION ALL
  SELECT 80 AS x UNION ALL
  SELECT 90 AS x )
SELECT ones.x + tens.x + 1 AS counter
FROM ones CROSS JOIN tens
ORDER BY counter;

As always, I hope this helps somebody trying to sort out the syntax and workflow.

Written by maclochlainn

November 7th, 2023 at 10:10 pm

Posted in MySQL,MySQL 8,sql

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