Archive for the ‘Linux Administration’ tag
Docker on Fedora 27
This walks you through the steps to install the Community Edition of Docker on Fedora 27. If you’ve been living under a rock for a few years, Docker is an open source container virtualization software.
Docker or Docker Community Edition is a necessary step if you want to install something like Microsoft’s SQL Server on Fedora because only these are supported platforms:
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.3 or 7.4
- SUSE Linux Enterprise Server V12 SP2
- Ubuntu 16.04
- Docker Engine 1.8+
The first step requires you to add the docker-ce repo to your instance with he curl utility, which should already be installed in most cases. You can check whether the curl utility is available with the which command, like:
which -a curl |
If installed it should return the following:
/usr/bin/curl /bin/curl |
You add the docker-ce repo with the following curl command:
sudo curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo https://download.docker.com/linux/fedora/docker-ce.repo |
You should see something like the following if it was successful:
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
100 2544 100 2544 0 0 2544 0 0:00:01 --:--:-- 0:00:01 12913 |
Next, you can install docker-ce with the following yum command or if you prefer use the dnf utility:
sudo yum install -y docker-ce |
It should produce a log file like the one provided, which you can see by clicking the Display detailed console link that expands the page to show you the console details.
Display detailed console →
Docker CE Stable - x86_64 30 kB/s | 5.9 kB 00:00
Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:00 ago on Thu 05 Jul 2018 06:56:36 PM MDT.
Dependencies resolved.
================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================================
Installing:
docker-ce x86_64 18.03.1.ce-1.fc27 docker-ce-stable 35 M
Installing dependencies:
container-selinux noarch 2:2.65-1.gitbf5b26b.fc27 updates 41 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================================
Install 2 Packages
Total download size: 35 M
Installed size: 150 M
Downloading Packages:
(1/2): container-selinux-2.65-1.gitbf5b26b.fc27.noarch.rpm 133 kB/s | 41 kB 00:00
(2/2): docker-ce-18.03.1.ce-1.fc27.x86_64.rpm 20 MB/s | 35 MB 00:01
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 14 MB/s | 35 MB 00:02
warning: /var/cache/dnf/docker-ce-stable-8cf73e63b8c72e93/packages/docker-ce-18.03.1.ce-1.fc27.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA512 Signature, key ID 621e9f35: NOKEY
Importing GPG key 0x621E9F35:
Userid : "Docker Release (CE rpm) <docker@docker.com>"
Fingerprint: 060A 61C5 1B55 8A7F 742B 77AA C52F EB6B 621E 9F35
From : https://download.docker.com/linux/fedora/gpg
Key imported successfully
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
Preparing : 1/1
Installing : container-selinux-2:2.65-1.gitbf5b26b.fc27.noarch 1/2
Running scriptlet: container-selinux-2:2.65-1.gitbf5b26b.fc27.noarch 1/2
neverallow check failed at /var/lib/selinux/targeted/tmp/modules/100/base/cil:9006
(neverallow base_typeattr_7 unlabeled_t (file (entrypoint)))
<root>
allow at /var/lib/selinux/targeted/tmp/modules/200/container/cil:1489
(allow spc_t unlabeled_t (file (entrypoint)))
<root>
allow at /var/lib/selinux/targeted/tmp/modules/100/sandboxX/cil:866
(allow sandbox_x_domain exec_type (file (entrypoint)))
<root>
allow at /var/lib/selinux/targeted/tmp/modules/100/virt/cil:1669
(allow virtd_lxc_t exec_type (file (entrypoint)))
<root>
allow at /var/lib/selinux/targeted/tmp/modules/100/virt/cil:2060
(allow svirt_sandbox_domain exec_type (file (entrypoint)))
Failed to generate binary
/usr/sbin/semodule: Failed!
Running scriptlet: docker-ce-18.03.1.ce-1.fc27.x86_64 2/2
Installing : docker-ce-18.03.1.ce-1.fc27.x86_64 2/2
Running scriptlet: docker-ce-18.03.1.ce-1.fc27.x86_64 2/2
Running as unit: run-rb873740b51a44061abb2c9e197871e4b.service
Verifying : docker-ce-18.03.1.ce-1.fc27.x86_64 1/2
Verifying : container-selinux-2:2.65-1.gitbf5b26b.fc27.noarch 2/2
Installed:
docker-ce.x86_64 18.03.1.ce-1.fc27 container-selinux.noarch 2:2.65-1.gitbf5b26b.fc27
Complete! |
After installing docker-ce, you can check it with the following systemctl command:
sudo systemctl status docker |
It should show service is disabled (default) and inactive:
● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: inactive (dead)
Docs: https://docs.docker.com |
This indicates everything installed correctly, now you need to enable the docker service with this systemctl command:
sudo systemctl enable docker |
It should show that the docker service is enabled and inactive:
● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: inactive (dead)
Docs: https://docs.docker.com |
You start the docker service with this systemctl command:
sudo systemctl start docker |
It should show that the service is enabled and inactive:
● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Thu 2018-07-05 19:22:25 MDT; 4s ago
Docs: https://docs.docker.com
Main PID: 107768 (dockerd)
Tasks: 16
Memory: 35.8M
CPU: 140ms
CGroup: /system.slice/docker.service
├─107768 /usr/bin/dockerd
└─107772 docker-containerd --config /var/run/docker/containerd/containerd.toml
Jul 05 19:22:25 localhost.localdomain dockerd[107768]: time="2018-07-05T19:22:25.350914727-06:00
Jul 05 19:22:25 localhost.localdomain dockerd[107768]: time="2018-07-05T19:22:25.352583385-06:00
Jul 05 19:22:25 localhost.localdomain dockerd[107768]: time="2018-07-05T19:22:25.352718174-06:00
Jul 05 19:22:25 localhost.localdomain dockerd[107768]: time="2018-07-05T19:22:25.353419088-06:00
Jul 05 19:22:25 localhost.localdomain dockerd[107768]: time="2018-07-05T19:22:25.632193965-06:00
Jul 05 19:22:25 localhost.localdomain dockerd[107768]: time="2018-07-05T19:22:25.823732094-06:00
Jul 05 19:22:25 localhost.localdomain dockerd[107768]: time="2018-07-05T19:22:25.893601936-06:00
Jul 05 19:22:25 localhost.localdomain dockerd[107768]: time="2018-07-05T19:22:25.894351396-06:00
Jul 05 19:22:25 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started Docker Application Container Engine.
Jul 05 19:22:25 localhost.localdomain dockerd[107768]: time="2018-07-05T19:22:25.907087735-06:00
lines 1-22/22 (END) |
A CNTL+C dismisses the open log file. As usual, I hope this helps those trying to accomplish the task for the first time.
SQL Developer – Fedora
This is the continuation of my efforts to stage an awesome Fedora developer’s instance. It shows you how to install Java 1.8 software development kit, which is nice to have. Though you can’t use Java 1.8 officially with Oracle SQL Developer 4.0.3 it is required for Oracle SQL Developer 4.1. Fortunately, the Oracle Product Manager, Jeff Smith has advised us that you can use Java 1.8 JDK with Oracle SQL Developer 4.0.3, and he’s written a comment to the blog post that it runs better with the Java 1.8 SDK.
After you install Oracle SQL Developer 4.0.3 or Oracle SQL Developer 4.1, you can watch Jeff Smith’s YouTube Video on SQL Developer 3.1 to learn how to use the basics of SQL Developer. I couldn’t find an updated version of the video for SQL Developer 4 but I didn’t try too hard.
You use yum as the root user to install Java SDK 1.8, much like my earlier Installing the Java SDK 1.7 and Java-MySQL Sample Program. The following command installs Java 8:
yum install -y java-1.8* |
It produces the following output:
Loaded plugins: langpacks, refresh-packagekit
fedora/20/x86_64/metalink | 18 kB 00:00
mysql-connectors-community | 2.5 kB 00:00
mysql-tools-community | 2.5 kB 00:00
mysql56-community | 2.5 kB 00:00
pgdg93 | 3.6 kB 00:00
updates/20/x86_64/metalink | 16 kB 00:00
updates | 4.9 kB 00:00
(1/2): mysql-tools-community/20/x86_64/primary_db | 21 kB 00:00
(2/2): updates/20/x86_64/primary_db | 13 MB 00:09
updates/20/x86_64/pkgtags
updates
(1/2): updates/20/x86_64/pkgtags | 1.4 MB 00:02
(2/2): updates/20/x86_64/updateinfo | 1.9 MB 00:04
Package 1:java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-1.8.0.31-1.b13.fc20.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package 1:java-1.8.0-openjdk-javadoc-1.8.0.31-1.b13.fc20.noarch already installed and latest version
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64 1:1.8.0.31-1.b13.fc20 will be installed
---> Package java-1.8.0-openjdk-accessibility.x86_64 1:1.8.0.31-1.b13.fc20 will be installed
---> Package java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo.x86_64 1:1.8.0.31-1.b13.fc20 will be installed
---> Package java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64 1:1.8.0.31-1.b13.fc20 will be installed
---> Package java-1.8.0-openjdk-src.x86_64 1:1.8.0.31-1.b13.fc20 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository
Size
================================================================================
Installing:
java-1.8.0-openjdk x86_64 1:1.8.0.31-1.b13.fc20 updates 201 k
java-1.8.0-openjdk-accessibility x86_64 1:1.8.0.31-1.b13.fc20 updates 12 k
java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo x86_64 1:1.8.0.31-1.b13.fc20 updates 1.9 M
java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel x86_64 1:1.8.0.31-1.b13.fc20 updates 9.2 M
java-1.8.0-openjdk-src x86_64 1:1.8.0.31-1.b13.fc20 updates 45 M
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 5 Packages
Total download size: 56 M
Installed size: 92 M
Downloading packages:
(1/5): java-1.8.0-openjdk-accessibility-1.8.0.31-1.b13.fc20 | 12 kB 00:00
(2/5): java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.31-1.b13.fc20.x86_64.rpm | 201 kB 00:02
(3/5): java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo-1.8.0.31-1.b13.fc20.x86_64.r | 1.9 MB 00:03
(4/5): java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel-1.8.0.31-1.b13.fc20.x86_64. | 9.2 MB 00:07
(5/5): java-1.8.0-openjdk-src-1.8.0.31-1.b13.fc20.x86_64.rp | 45 MB 05:05
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 187 kB/s | 56 MB 05:05
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction (shutdown inhibited)
Installing : 1:java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.31-1.b13.fc20.x86_64 1/5
Installing : 1:java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel-1.8.0.31-1.b13.fc20.x86_64 2/5
Installing : 1:java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo-1.8.0.31-1.b13.fc20.x86_64 3/5
Installing : 1:java-1.8.0-openjdk-accessibility-1.8.0.31-1.b13.fc20.x86 4/5
Installing : 1:java-1.8.0-openjdk-src-1.8.0.31-1.b13.fc20.x86_64 5/5
Verifying : 1:java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel-1.8.0.31-1.b13.fc20.x86_64 1/5
Verifying : 1:java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo-1.8.0.31-1.b13.fc20.x86_64 2/5
Verifying : 1:java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.31-1.b13.fc20.x86_64 3/5
Verifying : 1:java-1.8.0-openjdk-accessibility-1.8.0.31-1.b13.fc20.x86 4/5
Verifying : 1:java-1.8.0-openjdk-src-1.8.0.31-1.b13.fc20.x86_64 5/5
Installed:
java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64 1:1.8.0.31-1.b13.fc20
java-1.8.0-openjdk-accessibility.x86_64 1:1.8.0.31-1.b13.fc20
java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo.x86_64 1:1.8.0.31-1.b13.fc20
java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64 1:1.8.0.31-1.b13.fc20
java-1.8.0-openjdk-src.x86_64 1:1.8.0.31-1.b13.fc20
Complete! |
Then, you go to Oracle’s SQL Developer 4.0.3 web page or Oracle’s Beta SQL Developer 4.1 web page and download the SQL Developer RPM. At the time of writing, you download the following SQL Developer 4.0.3 RPM:
sqldeveloper-4.0.3.16.84-1.noarch.rpm |
Assuming you download the sqldeveloper-4.0.3.16.84-1.noarch.rpm file to the student user’s account. It will download into the /home/student/Downloads directory. You run the SQL Developer RPM file with the following syntax as the root user:
rpm -Uhv /home/student/Downloads/sqldeveloper-4.0.3.16.84-1.noarch.rpm |
Running the SQL Developer RPM produces the following output:
Preparing... ################################# [100%] Updating / installing... 1:sqldeveloper-4.0.3.16.84-1 ################################# [100%] |
You can now run the sqldeveloper.sh file as the root user with the following syntax:
/opt/sqldeveloper/sqldeveloper.sh |
At this point, it’s important to note that my download from the Oracle SQL Developer 4.1 page turned out to be SQL Developer 4.0.3. It prompts you for the correct Java JDK, as shown below. You may opt to enter the path to the Java JDK 1.8 for SQL Developer 4.1 because until today you downloaded the Oracle SQL Developer 4.0.3 version from the Oracle SQL Developer 4.1 page. Naturally, the Oracle SQL Developer 4.1 instructions say to use the Java 1.8 JDK on the RPM for Linux Installation Notes web page, as shown below:
If you assume from the instructions on the Oracle instruction page above that Oracle SQL Developer 4.0.3 and Oracle SQL Developer 4.1 support Java 1.8 JDK, you may enter the location for the Java JDK 1.8 when prompted. Jeff Smith, the Product Manager wrote this blog post on Oracle SQL Developer 4: Windows and the JDK. Unfortunately, you’ll see the following message if you attempt to run Oracle SQL Developer 4.0.3 with the Java 1.8 SDK at the command-line:
Oracle SQL Developer Copyright (c) 1997, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Type the full pathname of a JDK installation (or Ctrl-C to quit), the path will be stored in /root/.sqldeveloper/4.0.0/product.conf /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.31.x86_64 OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option MaxPermSize=256M; support was removed in 8.0 |
It also raises the following error message dialog:
Text version of Unsupported JDK Version error message:
Running this product is supported with a minimum Java version of 1.7.0_51 and a maximum version less than 1.8.
Update the SetJavaHome in “/root/.sqldeveloper/4.0.0/product.conf” to point to another Java.
This produce will not be supported, and may not run correctly if you proceed. Continue anyway?
The error dialog message tells us that the instructions on the RPM for Linux Installation Notes web page can be misleading. You really need to use the Java JDK 1.7 to be supported officially, but you can safely ignore the error.
If you want a certified component, leave the “Skip This Message Next Time” checkbox unchecked and click the “No” button to continue. At this point, there’s no automatic recovery. You need to open the following file:
/root/.sqldeveloper/4.0.0/product.conf |
You need to change the SetJavaHome parameter in the file to the following:
# SetJavaHome /path/jdk SetJavaHome /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.79-2.5.5.0.fc20.x86_64 |
After making the change, you can re-run the sqldeveloper.sh shell as follows:
/opt/sqldeveloper/sqldeveloper.sh |
It launches the following dialog message:
The installation pauses to ask you if you want to transfer an existing SQL Developer configuration by raising the following dialog. Assuming this is a new installation, the installer won’t find a prior configuration file. You need to click the “No” button to proceed.
The installation continues and launches SQL Developer. The first time launch shows you the following Oracle Usage Tracking dialog. If you don’t want your use monitored, uncheck the “Allow automated usage reporting to Oracle” checkbox. Click the “OK” button to continue.
After dismissing the Oracle Usage Tracking dialog, you see the SQL Developer environment:
After installing SQL Developer in the root account, you can install it as the student user. You use this command as the student user:
/opt/sqldeveloper/sqldeveloper.sh |
It returns the following error because it’s the second installation and SQL Developer doesn’t prompt you to configure the user’s product.conf file with the working JDK location:
Oracle SQL Developer Copyright (c) 1997, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Type the full pathname of a JDK installation (or Ctrl-C to quit), the path will be stored in /home/student/.sqldeveloper/4.0.0/product.conf Error: Unable to get APP_JAVA_HOME input from stdin after 10 tries |
You need to edit the /home/student/.sqldeveloper/4.0.0/product.conf file, and add the following line to the file:
# SetJavaHome /path/jdk SetJavaHome /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.79-2.5.5.0.fc20.x86_64 |
Now, you can launch SQL Developer with the following command:
/opt/sqldeveloper/sqldeveloper.sh |
Alternatively, you can add the following alias to the student user’s .bashrc file:
# Set alias for SQL Developer tool. alias sqldeveloper="/opt/sqldeveloper/sqldeveloper.sh" |
You can now launch the SQL Developer tool, like this as the student user:
sqldeveloper |
You see the following when SQL Developer launches:
As always, I hope this helps those trying to sort out installing SQL Developer on a Fedora server.
Add zsh to Fedora
One of my students requested an option to the bash shell. It was interesting to hear that he wanted me to instal the zsh in my Fedora image. There’s only one book that I’m aware of that’s been published on the Z Shell, and it is From Bash to Z Shell.
This post shows how to add the zsh to my Fedora image because I already release a new one for the term without the zsh shell. You use the yum utility as the root user to install the zsh library:
yum install -y zsh |
It should produce an output stream like the following, which required accessing the alternate mirror site:
Loaded plugins: langpacks, refresh-packagekit mysql-connectors-community | 2.5 kB 00:00 mysql-tools-community | 2.5 kB 00:00 mysql56-community | 2.5 kB 00:00 pgdg93 | 3.6 kB 00:00 updates/20/x86_64/metalink | 14 kB 00:00 updates | 4.9 kB 00:00 (1/3): mysql-connectors-community/20/x86_64/primary_db | 8.8 kB 00:00 (2/3): pgdg93/20/x86_64/primary_db | 83 kB 00:01 (3/3): updates/20/x86_64/primary_db | 13 MB 00:13 updates/20/x86_64/pkgtags FAILED http://mirror.utexas.edu/fedora/linux/updates/20/x86_64/repodata/1ea83dc402a2bcba53f9b0011ecfa0d579b5a316e4c7f01ec5f1166dcdca138f-pkgtags.sqlite.gz: [Errno 14] HTTP Error 404 - Not Found Trying other mirror. (1/2): updates/20/x86_64/updateinfo | 1.9 MB 00:07 (2/2): updates/20/x86_64/pkgtags | 1.4 MB 00:01 Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package zsh.x86_64 0:5.0.7-6.fc20 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ================================================================================ Package Arch Version Repository Size ================================================================================ Installing: zsh x86_64 5.0.7-6.fc20 updates 2.5 M Transaction Summary ================================================================================ Install 1 Package Total download size: 2.5 M Installed size: 5.9 M Downloading packages: zsh-5.0.7-6.fc20.x86_64.rpm | 2.5 MB 00:03 Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction (shutdown inhibited) Installing : zsh-5.0.7-6.fc20.x86_64 1/1 Verifying : zsh-5.0.7-6.fc20.x86_64 1/1 Installed: zsh.x86_64 0:5.0.7-6.fc20 Complete! |
Once you’ve installed the zsh, you can configure like you would the bash shell. You make edits to individual .zshrc files and generic changes to the /etc/zshrc file. You can find the documentation to edit the zsh in the User’s Guide to the Z-Shell.
The following is a modified .zshrc file. The changes enable the up-arrow in Oracle’s sqlplus and provides you with a color prompt, like this:
# Source global definitions if [ -f /etc/zshrc ]; then . /etc/zshrc fi # Uncomment the following line if you don't like systemctl's auto-paging feature: # export SYSTEMD_PAGER= # Set the JAVA_HOME path. export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.75-2.5.4.2.fc20.x86_64 # Set the CLASSPATH path. export CLASSPATH=/usr/share/java/mysql-connector-java.jar:. # User specific aliases and functions . /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/bin/oracle_env.sh # Wrap sqlplus with rlwrap to edit prior lines with the # up, down, left and right keys. sqlplus() { if [ "$RLWRAP" = "0" ]; then sqlplus "$@" else rlwrap sqlplus "$@" fi } # Set the bindkey. bindkey -v bindkey "^R" history-incremental-search-backward export EDITOR="vim" # history stuff HISTFILE=~/.zsh-histfile HISTSIZE=2000 # Set vi as a command line editor. set -o vi autoload -U colors && colors PS1="[%{$fg[red]%}%n%{$reset_color%}@%{$fg[blue]%}%m %{$fg[yellow]%}%~%{$reset_color%}% ]$ " |
The zsh prompt looks like the following:
[student@localhost ~]$
If you’re configured with a bash shell, you can change your shell to a zsh with the following command:
chsh -s /bin/zsh |
As always, I hope this helps those looking for this type of information.
Ruby Thin Web Server
Somebody suggested that I try out thin, “A fast and very simple Ruby web server.” So, I thought it might be interesting to test, and a simplification over Rails to demonstrate an small Ruby MVC pattern.
Installing thin seemed straight forward as a gem installation, like
gem install thin |
The initial install didn’t work out of the box because I’d neglected to install the gcc-c++ library. It raised the following errors:
Fetching: eventmachine-1.0.7.gem (100%)
Building native extensions. This could take a while...
ERROR: Error installing thin:
ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.
/usr/bin/ruby extconf.rb
checking for main() in -lssl... no
checking for rb_trap_immediate in ruby.h,rubysig.h... no
checking for rb_thread_blocking_region()... yes
checking for ruby/thread.h... yes
checking for rb_thread_call_without_gvl() in ruby/thread.h... yes
checking for inotify_init() in sys/inotify.h... yes
checking for writev() in sys/uio.h... yes
checking for rb_thread_fd_select()... yes
checking for rb_fdset_t in ruby/intern.h... yes
checking for rb_wait_for_single_fd()... yes
checking for rb_enable_interrupt()... no
checking for rb_time_new()... yes
checking for sys/event.h... no
checking for epoll_create() in sys/epoll.h... yes
checking for clock_gettime()... yes
checking for CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW in time.h... yes
checking for CLOCK_MONOTONIC in time.h... yes
creating Makefile
make "DESTDIR="
g++ -I. -I/usr/include -I/usr/include/ruby/backward -I/usr/include -I. -DWITHOUT_SSL -DBUILD_FOR_RUBY -DHAVE_RB_THREAD_BLOCKING_REGION -DHAVE_TBR -DHAVE_RUBY_THREAD_H -DHAVE_RB_THREAD_CALL_WITHOUT_GVL -DHAVE_RB_THREAD_CALL_WITHOUT_GVL -DHAVE_INOTIFY_INIT -DHAVE_INOTIFY -DHAVE_WRITEV -DHAVE_WRITEV -DHAVE_RB_THREAD_FD_SELECT -DHAVE_RB_THREAD_FD_SELECT -DHAVE_TYPE_RB_FDSET_T -DHAVE_RB_FDSET_T -DHAVE_RB_WAIT_FOR_SINGLE_FD -DHAVE_RB_TIME_NEW -DOS_UNIX -DHAVE_EPOLL_CREATE -DHAVE_EPOLL -DHAVE_CLOCK_GETTIME -DHAVE_CONST_CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW -DHAVE_CONST_CLOCK_MONOTONIC -fPIC -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -mtune=generic -m64 -o ed.o -c ed.cpp
make: g++: Command not found
make: *** [ed.o] Error 127
Gem files will remain installed in /usr/local/share/gems/gems/eventmachine-1.0.7 for inspection.
Results logged to /usr/local/share/gems/gems/eventmachine-1.0.7/ext/gem_make.out |
Naturally, I installed the gcc-c++ library with the yum utility, like this:
yum list gcc-c++ |
It displayed the following log output:
Loaded plugins: langpacks, refresh-packagekit mysql-connectors-community | 2.5 kB 00:00 mysql-tools-community | 2.5 kB 00:00 mysql56-community | 2.5 kB 00:00 pgdg93 | 3.6 kB 00:00 updates/20/x86_64/metalink | 14 kB 00:00 updates | 4.9 kB 00:00 updates/20/x86_64/primary_db | 13 MB 00:04 (1/2): updates/20/x86_64/updateinfo | 1.9 MB 00:02 (2/2): updates/20/x86_64/pkgtags | 1.4 MB 00:00 Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package gcc-c++.x86_64 0:4.8.3-7.fc20 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: libstdc++-devel = 4.8.3-7.fc20 for package: gcc-c++-4.8.3-7.fc20.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package libstdc++-devel.x86_64 0:4.8.3-7.fc20 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ================================================================================ Package Arch Version Repository Size ================================================================================ Installing: gcc-c++ x86_64 4.8.3-7.fc20 updates 7.2 M Installing for dependencies: libstdc++-devel x86_64 4.8.3-7.fc20 updates 1.5 M Transaction Summary ================================================================================ Install 1 Package (+1 Dependent package) Total download size: 8.7 M Installed size: 25 M Downloading packages: (1/2): gcc-c++-4.8.3-7.fc20.x86_64.rpm | 7.2 MB 00:05 (2/2): libstdc++-devel-4.8.3-7.fc20.x86_64.rpm | 1.5 MB 00:01 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 1.3 MB/s | 8.7 MB 00:06 Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction (shutdown inhibited) Installing : libstdc++-devel-4.8.3-7.fc20.x86_64 1/2 Installing : gcc-c++-4.8.3-7.fc20.x86_64 2/2 Verifying : gcc-c++-4.8.3-7.fc20.x86_64 1/2 Verifying : libstdc++-devel-4.8.3-7.fc20.x86_64 2/2 Installed: gcc-c++.x86_64 0:4.8.3-7.fc20 Dependency Installed: libstdc++-devel.x86_64 0:4.8.3-7.fc20 Complete! |
After installing the gcc-c++ libraries, I reran the gem utility to install the thin utility. It created three Ruby Gems: eventmachine-1.0.7, daemons-1.2.2.gem, and thin-1.6.3.gem, as shown:
Building native extensions. This could take a while... Successfully installed eventmachine-1.0.7 Fetching: daemons-1.2.2.gem (100%) Successfully installed daemons-1.2.2 Fetching: thin-1.6.3.gem (100%) Building native extensions. This could take a while... Successfully installed thin-1.6.3 Parsing documentation for daemons-1.2.2 Installing ri documentation for daemons-1.2.2 Parsing documentation for eventmachine-1.0.7 Installing ri documentation for eventmachine-1.0.7 Parsing documentation for thin-1.6.3 Installing ri documentation for thin-1.6.3 Done installing documentation for daemons, eventmachine, thin after 11 seconds 3 gems installed |
Having created the Ruby Gems, I followed the thin instruction on the web site, and created the following Ruby web server:
app = proc do |env| [ 200, # Status code { # Response headers 'Content-Type' => 'text/html', 'Content-Length' => '12', }, ['Hello World!'] # Response body ] end # You can install Rack middlewares # to do some crazy stuff like logging, # filtering, auth or build your own. use Rack::CommonLogger run app |
Then, I tested the Ruby web server with the following command:
thin start -R thin.ru |
It displayed the following test server as the result of localhost:3000 URL:
As always, I hope this helps those who land on this page.
Find a string in files
From time to time, folks ask questions about how to solve common problems in Linux or Unix. Today, the question is: “How do I find a list of files that contain a specific string?” There are two alternatives with the find command, and the following sample searches look for files that contain a sqlite3 string literal.
- Search for only the file names:
find . -type f | xargs grep -li sqlite3 |
Or, the more verbose:
find . -type f -exec grep -li sqlite3 /dev/null {} + |
- Search for the file names and text line:
find . -type f | xargs grep -i sqlite3 |
Or, the more verbose:
find . -type f -exec grep -i sqlite3 /dev/null {} + |
Don’t exclude the /dev/null from the verbose syntax or you’ll get the things you lack permissions to inspect or that raise other errors. I don’t post a lot of Linux or Unix tips and techniques, and you may find this site more useful to answer these types of questions:
Unix & Linux Stack Exchange web site
As always, I hope this helps those you land on the blog page.
Perl-MySQL Program
Configuring Perl to work with MySQL is the last part creating a complete Fedora Linux LAMP stack for my students. Perl is already installed on Fedora Linux.
I’ve also shown how to use PHP, Python, and Ruby languages to query a MySQL database on Linux. After installing this additional Perl DBI library, my students will have the opportunity to choose how they implement their LAMP solution.
You can find the Perl version with the following version.pl program:
1 2 3 4 | #!/usr/bin/perl -w # Print the version. print "Perl ".$]."\n"; |
The first line lets you call the program without prefacing the perl program because it invokes a subshell of perl by default. You just need to ensure the file has read and execute privileges to run. It prints:
Perl 5.018004 |
You need to install the perl-DBD-MySQL library to enable Perl to work with MySQL. The following command loads the library:
yum install -y perl-DBD-MySQL |
It prints the following log file:
Loaded plugins: langpacks, refresh-packagekit Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package perl-DBD-MySQL.x86_64 0:4.024-1.fc20 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ================================================================================ Package Arch Version Repository Size ================================================================================ Installing: perl-DBD-MySQL x86_64 4.024-1.fc20 fedora 142 k Transaction Summary ================================================================================ Install 1 Package Total download size: 142 k Installed size: 332 k Downloading packages: perl-DBD-MySQL-4.024-1.fc20.x86_64.rpm | 142 kB 00:00 Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction (shutdown inhibited) Installing : perl-DBD-MySQL-4.024-1.fc20.x86_64 1/1 Verifying : perl-DBD-MySQL-4.024-1.fc20.x86_64 1/1 Installed: perl-DBD-MySQL.x86_64 0:4.024-1.fc20 Complete! |
The following item_query.pl Perl program is consistent with the PHP, Python, and Ruby examples provided in other blog posts. It shows you how to use the Perl DBI library to query and return a data set.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 | #!/usr/bin/perl -w # Use the DBI library. use DBI; use strict; use warnings; # Create a connection. my $dbh = DBI->connect("DBI:mysql:database=studentdb;host=localhost:3306","student","student",{'RaiseError' => 1}); # Create SQL statement. my $sql = "SELECT item_title FROM item"; # Prepare SQL statement. my $sth = $dbh->prepare($sql); # Execute statement and read result set. $sth->execute() or die $DBI::errstr; while (my @row = $sth->fetchrow_array()) { my $item_title = $row[0]; print "$item_title\n"; } # Close resources. $sth->finish(); |
You call it like this from the present working directory:
./mysql_query.pl |
It returns:
The Hunt for Red October Star Wars I Star Wars II Star Wars II Star Wars III The Chronicles of Narnia RoboCop Pirates of the Caribbean The Chronicles of Narnia MarioKart Splinter Cell Need for Speed The DaVinci Code Cars Beau Geste I Remember Mama Tora! Tora! Tora! A Man for All Seasons Hook Around the World in 80 Days Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone Camelot |
Alternatively, there’s a different syntax for lines 20 and 21 that you can use when you’re returning multiple columns. It replaces the two statements inside the while loop as follows:
20 21 | my ($item_title, $item_rating) = @row; print "$item_title, $item_rating\n"; |
It returns:
The Hunt for Red October, PG Star Wars I, PG Star Wars II, PG Star Wars II, PG Star Wars III, PG13 The Chronicles of Narnia, PG RoboCop, Mature Pirates of the Caribbean, Teen The Chronicles of Narnia, Everyone MarioKart, Everyone Splinter Cell, Teen Need for Speed, Everyone The DaVinci Code, Teen Cars, Everyone Beau Geste, PG I Remember Mama, NR Tora! Tora! Tora!, G A Man for All Seasons, G Hook, PG Around the World in 80 Days, G Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone, PG Camelot, G |
As always, I hope this helps those learning how to use Perl and Linux against the MySQL Database. If you want a nice tutorial on Perl and MySQL, check The tutorialspoint.com web site.
MySQL Workbench on Fedora
The early release of Fedora 20 disallowed installation of MySQL Workbench but the current version allows it. Almost like Tom Cruise’s Edge of Tomorrow without the drama. All you need to do is follow my earlier instructions for installing MySQL on Fedora 20. I’d check your kernel to know whether it’s supported. You can check that with this command:
<shell> uname -r |
My Fedora is at the following version:
3.14.8-200.fc20.x86_64 |
Then, you can install MySQL Workbench with yum, like this:
<shell> sudo yum install mysql-workbench |
It generates the following log file, and if you have Oracle 11g XE installed you can ignore the mime-type error:
Loaded plugins: langpacks, refresh-packagekit
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-workbench-community.x86_64 0:6.1.7-1.fc20 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libzip.so.2()(64bit) for package: mysql-workbench-community-6.1.7-1.fc20.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libvsqlitepp.so.3()(64bit) for package: mysql-workbench-community-6.1.7-1.fc20.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libtinyxml.so.0()(64bit) for package: mysql-workbench-community-6.1.7-1.fc20.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: liblua-5.1.so()(64bit) for package: mysql-workbench-community-6.1.7-1.fc20.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libgtkmm-2.4.so.1()(64bit) for package: mysql-workbench-community-6.1.7-1.fc20.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libgdkmm-2.4.so.1()(64bit) for package: mysql-workbench-community-6.1.7-1.fc20.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libctemplate.so.2()(64bit) for package: mysql-workbench-community-6.1.7-1.fc20.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package compat-lua-libs.x86_64 0:5.1.5-1.fc20 will be installed
---> Package ctemplate.x86_64 0:2.2-5.fc20 will be installed
---> Package gtkmm24.x86_64 0:2.24.4-2.fc20 will be installed
---> Package libzip.x86_64 0:0.11.2-1.fc20 will be installed
---> Package tinyxml.x86_64 0:2.6.2-4.fc20 will be installed
---> Package vsqlite++.x86_64 0:0.3.13-3.fc20 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
mysql-workbench-community x86_64 6.1.7-1.fc20 mysql-tools-community 24 M
Installing for dependencies:
compat-lua-libs x86_64 5.1.5-1.fc20 updates 158 k
ctemplate x86_64 2.2-5.fc20 fedora 174 k
gtkmm24 x86_64 2.24.4-2.fc20 fedora 748 k
libzip x86_64 0.11.2-1.fc20 updates 59 k
tinyxml x86_64 2.6.2-4.fc20 updates 49 k
vsqlite++ x86_64 0.3.13-3.fc20 updates 58 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 1 Package (+6 Dependent packages)
Total download size: 26 M
Installed size: 119 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
(1/7): compat-lua-libs-5.1.5-1.fc20.x86_64.rpm | 158 kB 00:01
(2/7): ctemplate-2.2-5.fc20.x86_64.rpm | 174 kB 00:01
(3/7): tinyxml-2.6.2-4.fc20.x86_64.rpm | 49 kB 00:00
(4/7): gtkmm24-2.24.4-2.fc20.x86_64.rpm | 748 kB 00:01
(5/7): vsqlite++-0.3.13-3.fc20.x86_64.rpm | 58 kB 00:00
(6/7): libzip-0.11.2-1.fc20.x86_64.rpm | 59 kB 00:02
(7/7): mysql-workbench-community-6.1.7-1.fc20.x86_64.rpm | 24 MB 00:08
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 2.9 MB/s | 26 MB 00:08
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : gtkmm24-2.24.4-2.fc20.x86_64 1/7
Installing : libzip-0.11.2-1.fc20.x86_64 2/7
Installing : vsqlite++-0.3.13-3.fc20.x86_64 3/7
Installing : ctemplate-2.2-5.fc20.x86_64 4/7
Installing : compat-lua-libs-5.1.5-1.fc20.x86_64 5/7
Installing : tinyxml-2.6.2-4.fc20.x86_64 6/7
Installing : mysql-workbench-community-6.1.7-1.fc20.x86_64 7/7
Error in file "/usr/share/applications/oraclexe-startdb.desktop": "Application/database" is an invalid MIME type ("Application" is an unregistered media type)
Verifying : tinyxml-2.6.2-4.fc20.x86_64 1/7
Verifying : compat-lua-libs-5.1.5-1.fc20.x86_64 2/7
Verifying : ctemplate-2.2-5.fc20.x86_64 3/7
Verifying : vsqlite++-0.3.13-3.fc20.x86_64 4/7
Verifying : mysql-workbench-community-6.1.7-1.fc20.x86_64 5/7
Verifying : libzip-0.11.2-1.fc20.x86_64 6/7
Verifying : gtkmm24-2.24.4-2.fc20.x86_64 7/7
Installed:
mysql-workbench-community.x86_64 0:6.1.7-1.fc20
Dependency Installed:
compat-lua-libs.x86_64 0:5.1.5-1.fc20 ctemplate.x86_64 0:2.2-5.fc20
gtkmm24.x86_64 0:2.24.4-2.fc20 libzip.x86_64 0:0.11.2-1.fc20
tinyxml.x86_64 0:2.6.2-4.fc20 vsqlite++.x86_64 0:0.3.13-3.fc20
Complete! |
After successfully installing MySQL Workbench, you can launch it with the following command:
<shell> mysql-workbench |
It should launch the following MySQL Workbench home page (click on it to see the full size image):
Wrapping SQL*Plus
One annoying thing from installing Oracle Database 11g on Fedora, was that the up arrows for command history didn’t work. I decided to fix that today after seeing Lutz Hartmann’s article on rlwrap. Unfortunately, the epel (Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux) package he recommended doesn’t run on Fedora 20. You can read my tale of woe, or skip to the .bashrc function that fixed it when I installed only rlwrap.
Attempting it on yum, gave me these errors:
# yum install http://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm Loaded plugins: langpacks, refresh-packagekit epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm | 14 kB 00:00 Examining /var/tmp/yum-root-5CLTPa/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm: epel-release-6-8.noarch Marking /var/tmp/yum-root-5CLTPa/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm to be installed Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package epel-release.noarch 0:6-8 will be installed --> Processing Conflict: epel-release-6-8.noarch conflicts fedora-release No package matched to upgrade: epel-release --> Finished Dependency Resolution Error: epel-release conflicts with fedora-release-20-3.noarch You could try using --skip-broken to work around the problem You could try running: rpm -Va --nofiles –nodigest |
Poking around for an epel fix wasn’t successful, so I chose to install only the rlwrap package. Here’s that command and log file:
[root@localhost ~]# yum install rlwrap Loaded plugins: langpacks, protectbase, refresh-packagekit 0 packages excluded due to repository protections Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package rlwrap.x86_64 0:0.41-1.fc20 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ================================================================================ Package Arch Version Repository Size ================================================================================ Installing: rlwrap x86_64 0.41-1.fc20 updates 95 k Transaction Summary ================================================================================ Install 1 Package Total download size: 95 k Installed size: 204 k Is this ok [y/d/N]: y Downloading packages: rlwrap-0.41-1.fc20.x86_64.rpm | 95 kB 00:00 Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction (shutdown inhibited) Installing : rlwrap-0.41-1.fc20.x86_64 1/1 Verifying : rlwrap-0.41-1.fc20.x86_64 1/1 Installed: rlwrap.x86_64 0:0.41-1.fc20 Complete! |
The next step was getting it to work. A sqlplus function wrapper inside the .bashrc file seemed the easiest. Here’s the code to the .bashrc file:
# .bashrc # Source global definitions if [ -f /etc/bashrc ]; then . /etc/bashrc fi # Uncomment the following line if you don't like systemctl's auto-paging feature: # export SYSTEMD_PAGER= # User specific aliases and functions . /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/bin/oracle_env.sh # Wrap sqlplus with rlwrap to edit prior lines. sqlplus() { if [ "$RLWRAP" = "0" ]; then sqlplus "$@" else rlwrap sqlplus "$@" fi } # Set vi as a command line editor. set -o vi |
As always, I hope this helps some folks.
Fedora Install of Oracle 11g
After the installation of Oracle 11g XE on Windows, I anticipated problems installing on Fedora. It’s terrific to report it was by far simpler to install on Fedora. This post provides the steps, and builds on the Fedora configuration published earlier this week.
- After you download the software from the Oracle web site, you’ll need to expand the compressed file. When you double click on the download item you will see the following screen. Click Extract at the top of the display.
- The Extract displays the following dialog. Click the Create Folder button and you’ll get an entry point for a new directory in your user’s directory. For the example, Oracle11gXE
- After creating the directory, click the Extract button.
- The extract process completes and shows the following dialog.
- The Disk1 directory will show the following contents.
- You need to drop down into a Terminal session, which you can launch by clicking on Applications, System Tools, and Terminal in the menu.
sudo rpm -iv oracle-xe-11.2.0-1.0.x86_64.rpm |
This command will install the packages in verbose syntax and display the following messages:
[sudo] password for mclaughlinm: Preparing packages for installation... oracle-xe-11.2.0-1.0 Executing post-install steps... You must run '/etc/init.d/oracle-xe configure' as the root user to configure the database. |
- This step requires that you assume the role of the
rootuser, which can be done with this syntax:
sudo sh |
In this root shell, you run the Oracle 11g XE configuration with this command:
/etc/init.d/oracle-xe configure |
The following are the text prompts that you accept to configure Oracle 11g XE:
Oracle Database 11g Express Edition Configuration ------------------------------------------------- This will configure on-boot properties of Oracle Database 11g Express Edition. The following questions will determine whether the database should be starting upon system boot, the ports it will use, and the passwords that will be used for database accounts. Press <Enter> to accept the defaults. Ctrl-C will abort. Specify the HTTP port that will be used for Oracle Application Express [8080]: Specify a port that will be used for the database listener [1521]: Specify a password to be used for database accounts. Note that the same password will be used for SYS and SYSTEM. Oracle recommends the use of different passwords for each database account. This can be done after initial configuration: Confirm the password: Do you want Oracle Database 11g Express Edition to be started on boot (y/n) [y]: Starting Oracle Net Listener...Done Configuring database... Starting Oracle Database 11g Express Edition instance...Done Installation completed successfully. |
After completing the configuration, you need to do two things. First, you need to modify the .bash_profile file for your user (covered in the next step). Second, you need to reboot your system.
- This step requires that you exit the
rootshell by typing theexitcommand. This should put you back into your administration account with sudoer privileges. You usevito edit and add the following to the.bashrcfile.
. /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/bin/oracle_env.sh |
Or, you can write your own file, like this:
# Oracle Settings TMP=/tmp; export TMP TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR ORACLE_HOSTNAME=localhost.localdomain; export ORACLE_HOSTNAME ORACLE_UNQNAME=DB11G; export ORACLE_UNQNAME ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/xe; export ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID=XE; export ORACLE_SID NLS_LANG=`$ORACLE_HOME/bin/nls_lang.sh`; export NLS_LANG ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then ulimit -p 16384 ulimit -n 65536 else ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 fi fi |
You can now log in to the Oracle database with the following syntax from the command line. You’ll be prompted for the system password that you entered during the configuration steps. I’ll add another post on SQL Developer later this week.
sqlplus system |
- This step is optional. You can configure an
oracleenv.shfile in theoracleuser’s home directory. While you could put this in the.bashrcfile, theoracleaccount isn’t bootable. That’s why I recommend putting it in an environment file.
# .bashrc # Source global definitions if [ -f /etc/bashrc ]; then . /etc/bashrc fi # Uncomment the following line if you don't like systemctl's auto-paging feature: # export SYSTEMD_PAGER= # User specific aliases and functions . /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/bin/oracle_env.sh # Wrap sqlplus with rlwrap to edit prior lines with the # up, down, left and right keys. sqlplus() { if [ "$RLWRAP" = "0" ]; then sqlplus "$@" else rlwrap sqlplus "$@" fi } # Set vi as a command line editor. set -o vi |
If you want to use the menu choices added by the installation, you need to put your privileged sudoer in the dba group. I wrote a blog post on it here.
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