Archive for the ‘pdo’ Category
AlmaLinux Install & Configuration
This is a collection of blog posts for installing and configuring AlmaLinux with the Oracle, PostgreSQL, MySQL databases and several programming languages. Sample programs show how to connect PHP and Python to the MySQL database.
- Installing AlmaLinux operating system
- Installing and configuring MySQL
- Installing Python-MySQL connector and provide sample programs
- Configuring Flask for Python on AlmaLinux with a complete software router instruction set.
- Installing Rust programming language and writing a sample program
- Installing and configuring LAMP stack with PHP and MySQL and a self-signed security key
- MySQL PNG Images in LAMP with PHP Programming
- Demonstration of how to write Perl that connects to MySQL
- Installing and configuring MySQL Workbench
- Installing and configuring PostgreSQL and pgAdmin4
- Identifying the required libnsl2-devel packages for SQL*Plus
- Writing and deploying a sqlplus function to use a read line wrapper
- Installing and configuring Visual Studio Code Editor
- Installing and configuring Java with connectivity to MySQL
- Installing and configuring Oracle SQL Developer
I used Oracle Database 11g XE in this instance to keep the footprint as small as possible. It required a few tricks and discovering the missing library that caused folks grief eleven years ago. I build another with a current Oracle Database XE after the new year.
If you see something that I missed or you’d like me to add, let me know. As time allows, I’ll try to do that. Naturally, the post will get updates as things are added later.
Apache on Fedora 30
There was an option during the Fedora 30 Workstation installation to add the Apache Web Server, but you need to set it to start automatically. Unfortunately, there was no option to install PHP, which I thought odd because of how many web developers learn the trade first on PHP with a LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL, Perl/PHP/Python) stack. You see how to fix that shortcoming in this post and how to install and test PHP, mysqli, and pdo to support MySQL 8.
Before you do that make sure you install MySQL 8. You can find my prior blog post on that here.
You set Apache to start automatically, on the next boot of the operating system, with the following command:
chkconfig httpd on |
It creates a symbolic link:
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service. |
However, that command only starts the Apache server the next time you boot the server. You use the following command as the root user to start the Apache server:
apachectl start |
You can verify the installation with the following command as the root user:
ps -ef | grep httpd | grep -v grep |
It should return:
root 5433 1 0 17:03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND apache 5434 5433 0 17:03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND apache 5435 5433 0 17:03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND apache 5436 5433 0 17:03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND apache 5437 5433 0 17:03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND apache 5438 5433 0 17:03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND apache 5442 5433 0 17:03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND |
and, then verify the listening port with the following command as the root user:
netstat -tulpn | grep :80 |
It should return the following when both the Apache server is listening on port 80 and the Oracle multi-protocol server is listening on port 8080:
tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 119810/httpd tcp6 0 0 :::8080 :::* LISTEN 1403/tnslsnr |
You can also enter the following URL in the browser to see the Apache Test Page:
http://localhost |
It should display the test page, like this:
You can also create a hello.htm file in the /var/www/html directory to test the ability to read an HTML file. I would suggest the traditional hello.htm file:
<html> <body> Hello World! </body> </html> |
You can call it by using this URL in the browser:
http://localhost/hello.htm |
It should display the test page, like this:
Now, let’s install PHP. You use the following command as a privileged user, which is one found in the sudoer’s list:
yum install -y php |
Display detailed console log →
Last metadata expiration check: 0:37:02 ago on Fri 16 Aug 2019 11:03:54 AM MDT. Dependencies resolved. ============================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size ============================================================================= Installing: php x86_64 7.3.8-1.fc30 updates 2.8 M Installing dependencies: nginx-filesystem noarch 1:1.16.0-3.fc30 updates 11 k php-cli x86_64 7.3.8-1.fc30 updates 4.3 M php-common x86_64 7.3.8-1.fc30 updates 1.1 M Installing weak dependencies: php-fpm x86_64 7.3.8-1.fc30 updates 1.5 M Transaction Summary ============================================================================= Install 5 Packages Total download size: 9.6 M Installed size: 43 M Downloading Packages: (1/5): nginx-filesystem-1.16.0-3.fc30.noarch 34 kB/s | 11 kB 00:00 (2/5): php-common-7.3.8-1.fc30.x86_64.rpm 1.1 MB/s | 1.1 MB 00:00 (3/5): php-7.3.8-1.fc30.x86_64.rpm 2.0 MB/s | 2.8 MB 00:01 (4/5): php-fpm-7.3.8-1.fc30.x86_64.rpm 2.2 MB/s | 1.5 MB 00:00 (5/5): php-cli-7.3.8-1.fc30.x86_64.rpm 1.7 MB/s | 4.3 MB 00:02 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 3.0 MB/s | 9.6 MB 00:03 Running transaction check Transaction check succeeded. Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded. Running transaction Preparing : 1/1 Installing : php-common-7.3.8-1.fc30.x86_64 1/5 Installing : php-cli-7.3.8-1.fc30.x86_64 2/5 Running scriptlet: nginx-filesystem-1:1.16.0-3.fc30.noarch 3/5 Installing : nginx-filesystem-1:1.16.0-3.fc30.noarch 3/5 Installing : php-fpm-7.3.8-1.fc30.x86_64 4/5 Running scriptlet: php-fpm-7.3.8-1.fc30.x86_64 4/5 Installing : php-7.3.8-1.fc30.x86_64 5/5 Running scriptlet: php-7.3.8-1.fc30.x86_64 5/5 Running scriptlet: php-fpm-7.3.8-1.fc30.x86_64 5/5 Verifying : nginx-filesystem-1:1.16.0-3.fc30.noarch 1/5 Verifying : php-7.3.8-1.fc30.x86_64 2/5 Verifying : php-cli-7.3.8-1.fc30.x86_64 3/5 Verifying : php-common-7.3.8-1.fc30.x86_64 4/5 Verifying : php-fpm-7.3.8-1.fc30.x86_64 5/5 Installed: php-7.3.8-1.fc30.x86_64 php-fpm-7.3.8-1.fc30.x86_64 nginx-filesystem-1:1.16.0-3.fc30.noarch php-cli-7.3.8-1.fc30.x86_64 php-common-7.3.8-1.fc30.x86_64 Complete! |
Before you test the installation of PHP in a browser, you must restart the Apache HTTP Server. You can do that with the following command as a privileged user:
sudo apachectl restart |
After verifying the connection, you can test it by creating the traditional info.php program file in the /var/www/http directory. The file should contain the following:
1 2 3 | <?php phpinfo(); ?> |
It should display the PHP Version 7.3.8 web page, which ships with Fedora 30:
The next step shows you how to install mysqli and pdo with the yum utility. While it’s unnecessary to check for the older mysql library (truly deprecated), its good practice to know how to check for a conflicting library before installing a new one. Also, I’d prefer newbies get exposed to using the yum utility’s shell environment.
You start the yum shell, as follows:
yum shell |
With the yum shell, you would remove a mysql package with the following command:
> remove php-mysql |
The command will remove the package or tell you that there is no package to remove. Next, you install the php-mysqli package with this command:
install php-mysqli |
You will then be prompted to confirm the installation of the php-mysqli library. Finally, you exit the yum shell with this command:
> quit |
If you want to see the whole interactive shell, click on the link below.
Display detailed console log →
Last metadata expiration check: 0:53:05 ago on Fri 16 Aug 2019 11:03:54 AM MDT. > remove php-mysql No match for argument: php-mysql No packages marked for removal. > install php-mysqlnd > run ============================================================================= Package Architecture Version Repository Size ============================================================================= Installing: php-mysqlnd x86_64 7.3.8-1.fc30 updates 195 k Installing dependencies: php-pdo x86_64 7.3.8-1.fc30 updates 91 k Transaction Summary ============================================================================= Install 2 Packages Total download size: 286 k Installed size: 1.4 M Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: (1/2): php-pdo-7.3.8-1.fc30.x86_64.rpm 136 kB/s | 91 kB 00:00 (2/2): php-mysqlnd-7.3.8-1.fc30.x86_64.rpm 183 kB/s | 195 kB 00:01 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 24 kB/s | 286 kB 00:11 Running transaction check Transaction check succeeded. Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded. Running transaction Preparing : 1/1 Installing : php-pdo-7.3.8-1.fc30.x86_64 1/2 Installing : php-mysqlnd-7.3.8-1.fc30.x86_64 2/2 Running scriptlet: php-mysqlnd-7.3.8-1.fc30.x86_64 2/2 Verifying : php-mysqlnd-7.3.8-1.fc30.x86_64 1/2 Verifying : php-pdo-7.3.8-1.fc30.x86_64 2/2 Installed: php-mysqlnd-7.3.8-1.fc30.x86_64 php-pdo-7.3.8-1.fc30.x86_64 Last metadata expiration check: 0:53:54 ago on Fri 16 Aug 2019 11:03:54 AM MDT. > quit Leaving Shell The downloaded packages were saved in cache until the next successful transaction. You can remove cached packages by executing 'dnf clean packages'. |
You need to restart the Apache HTTP listener for these changes to take place, which you do with the same command as shown earlier:
sudo apachectl restart |
I wrote the mysqli_check.php script to verify installation of both the mysqli and pdo libraries. The full code should be put in a mysqli_check.php file in the /var/www/html directory for testing.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 | <html>
<header>
<title>Static Query Object Sample</title>
<style type="text/css">
/* HTML element styles. */
table {background:white;border-style:solid;border-width:3px;border-color:black;border-collapse:collapse;}
th {text-align:center;font-style:bold;background:lightgray;border:solid 1px gray;}
td {border:solid 1px gray;}
/* Class tag element styles. */
.ID {min-width:50px;text-align:right;}
.Label {min-width:200px;text-align:left;}
</style>
</header>
<body>
<?php
if (!function_exists('mysqli_init') && !extension_loaded('mysqli')) {
print 'mysqli not installed.'; }
else {
print 'mysqli installed.'; }
if (!function_exists('pdo_init') && !extension_loaded('pdo')) {
print '<p>pdo not installed.</p>'; }
else {
print '<p>pdo installed.</p>'; }
?>
</script>
</body>
</html> |
You can test it with the following URL from the local browser:
http://localhost/mysqli_check.php |
It should print the following to the web page when you’ve successfully install the mysqli and pdo libraries:
mysqli installed. pdo installed. |
If you plan to use PHP to display and render graphics, you need to install php-gd library. You can do that with the yum utility and this prior blog post explains it. Don’t forget to restart the Apache HTTP Server after you add the php-gd library.
For example, one of my sample PHP programs loads a PNG image into a BLOB column as raw binary text. Then, the program reads it and renders it with PHP to produce the following web page.
As always, I hope this helps those looking for a complete solution without cost.
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