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Ruby+MySQL on Ubuntu

without comments

This post goes through installing and configuring Ruby and Ruby on Rails for MySQL. The first step requires updating the Ubuntu OS:

sudo apt-get update

Interestingly, I found that the man-db service had inadvertently stopped. It raised the following error:

E: dpkg was interrupted, you must manually run 'sudo dpkg --configure -a' to correct the problem.

You run this command to find the problem with the dpkg utility:

sudo dpkg --configure -a

It returned:

Setting up man-db (2.10.2-1) ...
Updating database of manual pages ...
man-db.service is a disabled or a static unit not running, not starting it.

The following command started the man-db service:

sudo systemctl start man-db.service

Next, you install the prerequisite packages with this command:

sudo apt-get install -y git-core zlib1g-dev build-essential libssl-dev libreadline-dev libyaml-dev libsqlite3-dev sqlite3 libxml2-dev libxslt1-dev libcurl4-openssl-dev software-properties-common libffi-dev

Display detailed console log →

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Note, selecting 'git' instead of 'git-core'
build-essential is already the newest version (12.9ubuntu3).
build-essential set to manually installed.
libreadline-dev is already the newest version (8.1.2-1).
libreadline-dev set to manually installed.
git is already the newest version (1:2.34.1-1ubuntu1.10).
git set to manually installed.
software-properties-common is already the newest version (0.99.22.9).
zlib1g-dev is already the newest version (1:1.2.11.dfsg-2ubuntu9.2).
zlib1g-dev set to manually installed.
The following additional packages will be installed:
  libssl3
Suggested packages:
  libcurl4-doc libidn11-dev libkrb5-dev libldap2-dev librtmp-dev libssh2-1-dev
  sqlite3-doc libssl-doc libyaml-doc
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  libcurl4-openssl-dev libffi-dev libsqlite3-dev libxml2-dev libxslt1-dev
  libyaml-dev sqlite3
The following packages will be upgraded:
  libssl-dev libssl3
2 upgraded, 7 newly installed, 0 to remove and 18 not upgraded.
Need to get 7,426 kB of archives.
After this operation, 12.8 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 libssl-dev amd64 3.0.2-0ubuntu1.13 [2,374 kB]
Get:2 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 libssl3 amd64 3.0.2-0ubuntu1.13 [1,902 kB]
Get:3 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 libcurl4-openssl-dev amd64 7.81.0-1ubuntu1.15 [386 kB]
Get:4 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 libsqlite3-dev amd64 3.37.2-2ubuntu0.3 [846 kB]
Get:5 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 libxml2-dev amd64 2.9.13+dfsg-1ubuntu0.3 [804 kB]
Get:6 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 libxslt1-dev amd64 1.1.34-4ubuntu0.22.04.1 [219 kB]
Get:7 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 sqlite3 amd64 3.37.2-2ubuntu0.3 [768 kB]
Get:8 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 libffi-dev amd64 3.4.2-4 [63.7 kB]
Get:9 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 libyaml-dev amd64 0.2.2-1build2 [62.8 kB]
Fetched 7,426 kB in 1s (5,467 kB/s)
Preconfiguring packages ...
(Reading database ... 246735 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libssl-dev_3.0.2-0ubuntu1.13_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libssl-dev:amd64 (3.0.2-0ubuntu1.13) over (3.0.2-0ubuntu1.12) ...
Preparing to unpack .../libssl3_3.0.2-0ubuntu1.13_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libssl3:amd64 (3.0.2-0ubuntu1.13) over (3.0.2-0ubuntu1.12) ...
Setting up libssl3:amd64 (3.0.2-0ubuntu1.13) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libcurl4-openssl-dev:amd64.
(Reading database ... 246735 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../0-libcurl4-openssl-dev_7.81.0-1ubuntu1.15_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libcurl4-openssl-dev:amd64 (7.81.0-1ubuntu1.15) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libsqlite3-dev:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../1-libsqlite3-dev_3.37.2-2ubuntu0.3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libsqlite3-dev:amd64 (3.37.2-2ubuntu0.3) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libxml2-dev:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../2-libxml2-dev_2.9.13+dfsg-1ubuntu0.3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libxml2-dev:amd64 (2.9.13+dfsg-1ubuntu0.3) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libxslt1-dev:amd64.
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Unpacking libxslt1-dev:amd64 (1.1.34-4ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package sqlite3.
Preparing to unpack .../4-sqlite3_3.37.2-2ubuntu0.3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking sqlite3 (3.37.2-2ubuntu0.3) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libffi-dev:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../5-libffi-dev_3.4.2-4_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libffi-dev:amd64 (3.4.2-4) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libyaml-dev:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../6-libyaml-dev_0.2.2-1build2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libyaml-dev:amd64 (0.2.2-1build2) ...
Setting up libyaml-dev:amd64 (0.2.2-1build2) ...
Setting up libffi-dev:amd64 (3.4.2-4) ...
Setting up libxml2-dev:amd64 (2.9.13+dfsg-1ubuntu0.3) ...
Setting up libsqlite3-dev:amd64 (3.37.2-2ubuntu0.3) ...
Setting up libcurl4-openssl-dev:amd64 (7.81.0-1ubuntu1.15) ...
Setting up libssl-dev:amd64 (3.0.2-0ubuntu1.13) ...
Setting up sqlite3 (3.37.2-2ubuntu0.3) ...
Setting up libxslt1-dev:amd64 (1.1.34-4ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.10.2-1) ...
Processing triggers for install-info (6.8-4build1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.35-0ubuntu3.6) ...

Use the cd command to change to the student home directory. Clone the asdf as the multiple runtime version manager with this command:

git clone https://github.com/excid3/asdf.git ~/.asdf

The following is the output of the git clone command:

Cloning into '/home/student/.asdf'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 8756, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (829/829), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (476/476), done.
remote: Total 8756 (delta 428), reused 657 (delta 334), pack-reused 7927
Receiving objects: 100% (8756/8756), 3.10 MiB | 4.29 MiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (5148/5148), done.

Next, you fix your .bashrc file by adding the following components:

echo '. "$HOME/.asdf/asdf.sh"' >> ~/.bashrc
echo '. "$HOME/.asdf/completions/asdf.bash"' >> ~/.bashrc
echo 'legacy_version_file = yes' >> ~/.asdfrc
echo 'export EDITOR="code --wait"' >> ~/.bashrc

Source the modifies shell, which you can do like this:

exec $SHELL

or, like:

. ${HOME}/.bashrc

Add the following asdf plug-ins:

asdf plugin add ruby
asdf plugin add nodejs

Install Ruby with the following command:

asdf install ruby 3.3.0

Display detailed console log →

Downloading ruby-build...
==> Downloading ruby-3.3.0.tar.gz...
-> curl -q -fL -o ruby-3.3.0.tar.gz https://cache.ruby-lang.org/pub/ruby/3.3/ruby-3.3.0.tar.gz
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100 21.0M  100 21.0M    0     0  10.1M      0  0:00:02  0:00:02 --:--:-- 10.1M
==> Installing ruby-3.3.0...
-> ./configure "--prefix=$HOME/.asdf/installs/ruby/3.3.0" --enable-shared --with-ext=openssl,psych,+
-> make -j 2
-> make install
==> Installed ruby-3.3.0 to /home/student/.asdf/installs/ruby/3.3.0
asdf: Warn: You have configured asdf to preserve downloaded files (with always_keep_download=yes or --keep-download). But
asdf: Warn: the current plugin (ruby) does not support that. Downloaded files will not be preserved.

Install Ruby Global with this syntax:

asdf global ruby 3.3.0

Update the Ruby Gems with this command:

gem update --system

Display detailed console log →

Updating rubygems-update
Fetching rubygems-update-3.5.5.gem
Successfully installed rubygems-update-3.5.5
Parsing documentation for rubygems-update-3.5.5
Installing ri documentation for rubygems-update-3.5.5
Done installing documentation for rubygems-update after 1 seconds
Parsing documentation for rubygems-update-3.5.5
Done installing documentation for rubygems-update after 0 seconds
Installing RubyGems 3.5.5
  Successfully built RubyGem
  Name: bundler
  Version: 2.5.5
  File: bundler-2.5.5.gem
Bundler 2.5.5 installed
RubyGems 3.5.5 installed
Regenerating binstubs
Regenerating plugins
Parsing documentation for rubygems-3.5.5
Installing ri documentation for rubygems-3.5.5
 
# 3.5.5 / 2024-01-18
 
## Enhancements:
 
* Installs bundler 2.5.5 as a default gem.
 
## Bug fixes:
 
* Fix `require` activation conflicts when requiring default gems under
  some situations. Pull request
  [#7379](https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/pull/7379) by
  deivid-rodriguez
* Use cache_home instead of data_home in default_spec_cache_dir. Pull
  request [#7331](https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/pull/7331) by mrkn
 
## Documentation:
 
* Use squiggly heredocs in `Gem::Specification#description` documentation,
  so it doesn't add leading whitespace. Pull request
  [#7373](https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/pull/7373) by bravehager
 
# 3.5.4 / 2024-01-04
 
## Enhancements:
 
* Always avoid "Updating rubygems-update" message. Pull request
  [#7335](https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/pull/7335) by
  deivid-rodriguez
* Installs bundler 2.5.4 as a default gem.
 
## Bug fixes:
 
* Make `gem update --system` respect ruby version constraints. Pull
  request [#7334](https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/pull/7334) by
  deivid-rodriguez
 
 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
RubyGems installed the following executables:
	/home/student/.asdf/installs/ruby/3.3.0/bin/gem
	/home/student/.asdf/installs/ruby/3.3.0/bin/bundle
	/home/student/.asdf/installs/ruby/3.3.0/bin/bundler
 
Ruby Interactive (ri) documentation was installed. ri is kind of like man 
pages for Ruby libraries. You may access it like this:
  ri Classname
  ri Classname.class_method
  ri Classname#instance_method
If you do not wish to install this documentation in the future, use the
--no-document flag, or set it as the default in your ~/.gemrc file. See
'gem help env' for details.
 
RubyGems system software updated

You can confirm your Ruby install with two commands. First, use the which utility to check the Ruby install:

which -a ruby

It should return:

/home/student/.asdf/shims/ruby

Then, check the Ruby version:

ruby -v

It should return:

ruby 3.3.0 (2023-12-25 revision 5124f9ac75) [x86_64-linux]

Assuming you’ve installed and configured MySQL 8 on Ubuntu, you need this additional library to support the necessary Ruby Gem:

sudo apt-get install -y libmysqlclient-dev

Now, you can install the current MySQL Ruby Gem:

gem install mysql2

You can now write a mysql_connection.rb program to verify a connection to the MySQL 8 database, like:

# Include Ruby Gem libraries.
require 'rubygems'
require 'mysql2'
 
begin
  # Create new database connection.
  db = Mysql2::Client.new( :host     => 'localhost' \
                         , :username => 'student'   \
                         , :password => 'student'   \
                         , :database => 'studentdb')
 
  # Create a result set.
  stmt = db.query('SELECT version() AS version')
 
  # Read through the result set hash.
  stmt.each do | row |
    puts "#{row['version']}"
  end
  # Release the result set resources.
  stmt.free
 
rescue Mysql2::Error => e
  # Print the error.
  puts "ERROR #{e.errno} (#{e.sqlstate}): #{e.error}"
  puts "Can't connect to the MySQL database specified."
  # Signal an error.
  exit 1
 
ensure
  # Close the connection when it is open.
  db.close if db
end

Call the program with this syntax:

ruby mysql_connection.rb

It should return:

Connected to the MySQL database server.

You can verify the version with this mysql_version.rb program:

# Include Ruby Gem libraries.
require 'rubygems'
require 'mysql2'
 
begin
  # Create new database connection.
  db = Mysql2::Client.new( :host     => 'localhost' \
                         , :username => 'student'   \
                         , :password => 'student'   \
                         , :database => 'studentdb')
 
  # Create a result set.
  rs = db.query('SELECT version() AS version')
 
  # Read through the result set hash.
  rs.each do | row |
    puts "#{row['version']}"
  end
 
  # Release the result set resources.
  rs.free
 
rescue Mysql2::Error => e
  # Print the error.
  puts "ERROR #{e.errno} (#{e.sqlstate}): #{e.error}"
  puts "Can't connect to the MySQL database specified."
  # Signal an error.
  exit 1
 
ensure
  # Close the connection when it is open.
  db.close if db
end

On Ubuntu, it should return:

8.0.35-0ubuntu0.22.04.1

If you don’t know anything about the mysql2 Ruby Gem, you should read the documentation. It’s very concise and requires a basic understanding of Ruby programming. The two specific pages who may want to check for the next examples are:

The mysql_version.rb version uses the known string literal for columns or column aliases returned by the SQL statement, which becomes the stmt (or statement) in the program. The next program eliminates the need to enumerate with the text-based columns from the query by using the Statement#fields array values by use of a numeric index. The numeric index returns the field names from the Statement#fields class to use in as the name for values in the Result#fields value found in the row variable of the for loop.

# Include Ruby Gem libraries.
require 'rubygems'
require 'mysql2'
 
# Begin block.
begin
  # Create a new connection resource.
  db = Mysql2::Client.new( :host     => 'localhost' \
                         , :username => 'student'   \
                         , :password => 'student'   \
                         , :database => 'studentdb')
 
  # Create a result set.
  stmt = db.query("SELECT   DISTINCT i.item_title, ra.rating " +       \
                  "FROM     item i INNER JOIN rating_agency ra " +     \
                  "ON       i.item_rating_id = ra.rating_agency_id " + \
                  "WHERE    ra.rating_agency = 'MPAA'" +               \
                  "ORDER BY 1")
 
  # Read through the result set hash.
  stmt.each do | row |
    out = ""
    i = 0
    while i < stmt.fields.count()
      # Check when not last column and use the:
      #   - Hash returned by the result set for the value, and
      #   - String array value returned by the statement object
      #     as the name value of the hash by leveraging its 
      #     numeric index.
      if i < stmt.fields.count() - 1
        out += "#{row[stmt.fields[i]]}"
        out += ", "
      else
        out += "#{row[stmt.fields[i]]}"
      end
      i += 1
    end
    puts "#{out}"
  end
 
  # Release the result set resources.
  stmt.free
 
rescue Mysql2::Error => e
  # Print the error.
  puts "ERROR #{e.errno} (#{e.sqlstate}): #{e.error}"
  puts "Can't connect to MySQL database specified."
  # Signal an error.
  exit 1
 
ensure
  # Close the connection when it is open.
  db.close if db
end

It returns the select two columns from the query:

A Man for All Seasons, G
Around the World in 80 Days, G
Beau Geste, PG
Brave Heart, R
Camelot, G
Casino Royale, PG-13
...
Tomorrow Never Dies, PG-13
Tora! Tora! Tora!, G
Tron, PG

The following mysql_query_params.rb Ruby example accepts a single argument to leverage a wild card query in MySQL:

require 'rubygems'
require 'mysql2'
 
# Input external arguments.
arguments = ARGV
 
# Check for one input parameter and substitute an empty string
# when one isn't found.
if arguments.length == 1
  argument = arguments[0]
else
  argument = ""
end
 
# Begin block.
begin
  # Create a new connection resource.
  db = Mysql2::Client.new( :host     => 'localhost' \
                         , :username => 'student'   \
                         , :password => 'student'   \
                         , :database => 'studentdb')
 
  # Create a result set.
  stmt = db.prepare("SELECT   DISTINCT i.item_title, ra.rating " +       \
                    "FROM     item i INNER JOIN rating_agency ra " +     \
                    "ON       i.item_rating_id = ra.rating_agency_id " + \
                    "WHERE    ra.rating_agency = 'MPAA'" +               \
                    "AND      i.item_title LIKE CONCAT(?,'%')" +         \
                    "ORDER BY 1")
 
  # Bind the variable into the query.
  rs = stmt.execute(argument)
 
  # Read through the result set hash.
  rs.each do | row |
    out = ""
    i = 0
    while i < rs.fields.count()
      # Check when not last column and use the:
      #   - Hash returned by the result set for the value, and
      #   - String array value returned by the statement object
      #     as the name value of the hash by leveraging its 
      #     numeric index.
      if i < rs.fields.count() - 1
        out += "#{row[rs.fields[i]]}"
        out += ", "
      else
        out += "#{row[rs.fields[i]]}"
      end
      i += 1
    end
    puts "#{out}"
  end
 
  # Release the result set resources.
  rs.free
 
rescue Mysql2::Error => e
  # Print the error.
  puts "ERROR #{e.errno} (#{e.sqlstate}): #{e.error}"
  puts "Can't connect to MySQL database specified."
  # Signal an error.
  exit 1
 
ensure
  # Close the connection when it is open.
  db.close if db
end

If you call the mysql_query_params.rb program with this syntax:

ruby mysql_aquery_params.rb Harry

It’ll return the following from the studentdb database:

Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets, PG
Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, Part 1, PG-13
Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, Part 2, PG-13
Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire, PG-13
Harry Potter and the Half Blood Prince, PG
Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix, PG-13
Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban, PG
Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone, PG

After that, you should install Rails (check for current version beyond 1/2024). Install Ruby Global with this syntax:

gem install rails -v 7.1.3

Check the version installed:

rails -v

It should return:

Rails 7.1.3

Run this command to enable Rails for MySQL 8:

rails new myapp -d mysql

If you want to configure a username and password for MySQL, edit the config/database.yml file.

As always, I hope this helps somebody looking for step-by-step guide.

Written by maclochlainn

February 3rd, 2024 at 4:57 pm

Posted in Linux,MySQL,MySQL 8,Ruby,Ubuntu

Tagged with , , ,

Ubuntu, Perl & MySQL

without comments

Configuring Perl to work with MySQL is straight forward. While Perl is installed generally, you may need to install the libdbd-mysql-perl library.

You install it as a sudoer user with this syntax:

sudo apt install -y libdbd-mysql-perl

Display detailed console log →

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  libmysqlclient21
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  libdbd-mysql-perl libmysqlclient21
0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 12 not upgraded.
Need to get 1,389 kB of archives.
After this operation, 7,143 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 libmysqlclient21 amd64 8.0.35-0ubuntu0.22.04.1 [1,301 kB]
Get:2 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/universe amd64 libdbd-mysql-perl amd64 4.050-5ubuntu0.22.04.1 [87.6 kB]
Fetched 1,389 kB in 1s (1,213 kB/s)     
Selecting previously unselected package libmysqlclient21:amd64.
(Reading database ... 235085 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libmysqlclient21_8.0.35-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libmysqlclient21:amd64 (8.0.35-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libdbd-mysql-perl:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../libdbd-mysql-perl_4.050-5ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libdbd-mysql-perl:amd64 (4.050-5ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Setting up libmysqlclient21:amd64 (8.0.35-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Setting up libdbd-mysql-perl:amd64 (4.050-5ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.10.2-1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.35-0ubuntu3.5) ...

You can find the Perl version with the following version.pl program:

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#!/usr/bin/perl -w
 
# Print the version.
print "Perl ".$]."\n";

The first line lets you call the program without prefacing the program name with perl. The first line invokes a subshell of perl by default. You just need to ensure the file has read and execute privileges to run by using the

chmod 755 version.pl

You call it with this:

./version.pl

It prints:

Perl 5.034000

The following static_query.pl Perl program uses the Perl DBI library to query and return a data set based on a static query.

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#!/usr/bin/perl -w
 
# Use the DBI library.
use DBI;
use strict;
use warnings;
 
# Create a connection.
my $dbh = DBI->connect("DBI:mysql:database=studentdb;host=localhost:3306"
                      ,"student","student",{'RaiseError' => 1});
 
# Create SQL statement.
my $sql = "SELECT i.item_title
           ,      ra.rating
           ,      cl.common_lookup_meaning
           FROM   item i INNER JOIN common_lookup cl
           ON     i.item_type = cl.common_lookup_id INNER JOIN rating_agency ra
           ON     i.item_rating_id = ra.rating_agency_id
           WHERE  i.item_title LIKE 'Harry%'
           AND    cl.common_lookup_type = 'BLU-RAY'";
 
# Prepare SQL statement.
my $sth = $dbh->prepare($sql);
 
# Execute statement and read result set.
$sth->execute() or die $DBI::errstr;
 
# Read through returned rows, assign elements explicitly to match SELECT-list.
while (my @row = $sth->fetchrow_array()) {
  my $item_title = $row[0];
  my $rating = $row[1];
  my $lookup_meaning = $row[2];
  print "$item_title, $rating, $lookup_meaning\n";
}
 
# Close resources.
$sth->finish();

It returns the following rows from the sample database:

Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone, PG, Blu-ray
Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets, PG, Blu-ray
Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban, PG, Blu-ray
Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire, PG-13, Blu-ray

The following dynamic_query.pl Perl program uses the Perl DBI library to prepare a query, bind a local variable into the query, and return a data set based on a dynamic query.

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#!/usr/bin/perl -w
 
# Use the DBI library.
use DBI;
use strict;
use warnings;
 
# Mimic a function parameter by using a local variable.
my $item_title_in = 'Star';
 
# Create a connection.
my $dbh = DBI->connect("DBI:mysql:database=studentdb;host=localhost:3306"
                      ,"student","student",{'RaiseError' => 1});
 
# Create SQL statement.
my $sql = "SELECT i.item_title
           ,      ra.rating
           ,      cl.common_lookup_meaning
           FROM   item i INNER JOIN common_lookup cl
           ON     i.item_type = cl.common_lookup_id INNER JOIN rating_agency ra
           ON     i.item_rating_id = ra.rating_agency_id
           WHERE  i.item_title LIKE CONCAT(?,'%')
           AND    cl.common_lookup_type = 'BLU-RAY'";
 
# Prepare SQL statement.
my $sth = $dbh->prepare($sql);
 
# Bind a variable to first parameter in the query string.
$sth->bind_param(1, $item_title_in);
 
# Execute statement and read result set.
$sth->execute() or die $DBI::errstr;
 
# Read through returned rows, assign elements explicitly to match SELECT-list.
while (my @row = $sth->fetchrow_array()) {
  my $item_title = $row[0];
  my $rating = $row[1];
  my $lookup_meaning = $row[2];
  print "$item_title, $rating, $lookup_meaning\n";
}
 
# Close resources.
$sth->finish();

It returns the following rows from the sample database:

Star Wars II, PG, Blu-ray

You can replace lines 34 through 40 with the following to read any number of columns into a comma-delimited row return:

34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48

# Read through returned rows, assign elements explicitly to match SELECT-list.
while (my @row = $sth->fetchrow_array()) {
 
  # Read through a dynamic column list for column separated display.
  my $result = '';
  foreach(@row) {
    if (length($result) == 0) {
      $result = $_; }
    else {
      $result .= ", " . $_; }
  } 
 
  # Print comma-separted values by row.
  print $result . "\n"
}

It returns the following rows from the sample database:

Star Wars II, PG, Blu-ray

As always, I hope this helps the reader solve a problem.

Written by maclochlainn

January 8th, 2024 at 10:37 pm

Posted in Linux,MySQL,MySQL 8,Ubuntu,Unix

Tagged with , ,

MySQL on Ubuntu

without comments

Fresh install of Ubuntu on my MacBook Pro i7 because Apple said the OS X was no longer upgradable. Time to install and configure MySQL Server. These are the steps to install MySQL on the Ubuntu Desktop.

Installation

  1. Update the Ubuntu OS by checking for, inspecting, and upgrading any available updates with the following commands: 

    sudo apt update
sudo apt list
sudo apt upgrade
  2. Check for available MySQL Server packages with this command: 

    apt-cache search binaries | grep -i mysql

    It should return:

    mysql-server - MySQL database server binaries and system database setup
mysql-server-8.0 - MySQL database server binaries and system database setup
mysql-server-core-8.0 - MySQL database server binaries
default-mysql-server - MySQL database server binaries and system database setup (metapackage)
default-mysql-server-core - MySQL database server binaries (metapackage)
mariadb-server-10.6 - MariaDB database core server binaries
mariadb-server-core-10.6 - MariaDB database core server files
  3. Check for more details on the MySQL packages with this command: 

    apt info -a mysql-server-8.0
  4. Install MySQL Server packages with this command: 

    sudo apt install mysql-server-8.0
  5. Start the MySQL Server service with this command: 

    sudo systemctl start mysql.service
  6. Before you can run the mysql_secure_installation script, you must set the root password. If you skip this step the mysql_secure_installation script will enter an infinite loop and lock your terminal session. Log in to the mysql monitor with the following command: 

    sudo mysql

    Enter a password with the following command (password is an insecure example):

    ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'C4nGet1n!';

    Quit the mysql monitor session:

    quit;
  7. Run the mysql_secure_installation script with this command: 

    sudo mysql_secure_installation

    Here’s the typical output from running the mysql_secure_installation script:

    Securing the MySQL server deployment.
 
Enter password for user root: 
 
VALIDATE PASSWORD COMPONENT can be used to test passwords
and improve security. It checks the strength of password
and allows the users to set only those passwords which are
secure enough. Would you like to setup VALIDATE PASSWORD component?
 
Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: Y
 
There are three levels of password validation policy:
 
LOW    Length >= 8
MEDIUM Length >= 8, numeric, mixed case, and special characters
STRONG Length >= 8, numeric, mixed case, special characters and dictionary file
 
Please enter 0 = LOW, 1 = MEDIUM and 2 = STRONG: 2
Using existing password for root.
 
Estimated strength of the password: 100 
Change the password for root ? ((Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : N
 
 ... skipping.
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them. This is intended only for
testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
You should remove them before moving into a production
environment.
 
Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y
Success.
 
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network.
 
Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y
Success.
 
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
and should be removed before moving into a production
environment.
 
 
Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y
 - Dropping test database...
Success.
 
 - Removing privileges on test database...
Success.
 
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.
 
Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y
Success.
 
All done!

Configuration

The next step is configuration. It requires setting up the sample sakila and studentdb database. The syntax has changed from prior releases. Here are the new three steps:

  1. Grant the root user the privilege to grant to others, which root does not have by default. You use the following syntax as the MySQL root user: 

    mysql> GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'root'@'localhost';
  2. Download the sakila database, which you can download from this site. Click on the sakila database’s TGZ download.

    When you download the sakila zip file it creates a sakila-db folder in the /home/student/Downloads directory. Copy the sakila-db folder into the /home/student/Data/sakila directory. Then, change to the /home/student/Data/sakila/sakila-db directory, connect to mysql as the root user, and run the following command:

    mysql> SOURCE /home/student/Data/sakila/sakila-db/sakila-schema.sql
mysql> SOURCE /home/student/Data/sakila/sakila-db/sakila-data.sql
  3. Create the studentdb database with the following command as the MySQL root user: 

    mysql> CREATE DATABASE studentdb;
  4. Create the user with a clear English password and grant the user student full privileges on the sakila and studentdb databases: 

    mysql> CREATE USER 'student'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'Stud3nt!';
mysql> GRANT ALL ON studentdb.* TO 'student'@'localhost';
mysql> GRANT ALL ON sakila.* TO 'student'@'localhost';

You can now connect to a sandboxed sakila database with the student user’s credentials, like:

mysql -ustudent -p -Dsakila

or, you can now connect to a sandboxed studentdb database with the student user’s credentials, like:

mysql -ustudent -p -Dstudentdb

MySQL Workbench Installation

sudo snap install mysql-workbench-community

You have now configure the MySQL Server 8.0.

Written by maclochlainn

May 23rd, 2023 at 4:18 pm

Posted in LAMP,Linux,MySQL,MySQL 8,MySQL Shell,Unix

Tagged with ,

MySQL @SQL_MODE

without comments

Installing MySQL Workbench 8 on Windows, we discovered that the default configuration no longer sets ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY as part of the default SQL_MODE parameter value. While I’ve written a stored function to set the SQL_MODE parameter value for a session, some students didn’t understand that such a call is only valid in the scope of a connection to the database server. They felt the function didn’t work because they didn’t understand the difference between connecting to the MySQL CLI and clicking the lightening bolt in MySQL Workbench.

So, here are the instructions to reset the default SQL_MODE parameter value for Windows. You need to edit the setting in the my.ini file, which is in the C:\ProgramData\MySQL\MySQL Server 8.0 directory. The default installation will have the following:

# Set the SQL mode to strict
sql-mode="STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION"

You need to change it to the following in an editor with Administrative privileges:

# Set the SQL mode to strict
sql-mode="STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY"

Then, you need to connect to the services by launching services.msc from the command prompt. In the list of services find MYSQL80 service and restart it. You can verify it by connecting to the MySQL 8.0.* server and running the following SQL query:

SELECT @@SQL_MODE:

That’s how you convert Windows to use only traditional group by behaviors in SQL. As always, I hope this helps those looking for a solution.

Written by maclochlainn

February 13th, 2023 at 12:55 pm

Posted in Microsoft Windows 10,Microsoft Windows 11,MySQL,MySQL 8,MySQL Workbench,Windows 10,Windows 11

Tagged with ,

Updating SQL_MODE

without comments

This is an update for MySQL 8 Stored PSM to add the ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY mode to the global SQL_MODE variable when it’s not set during a session. Here’s the code:

/* Drop procedure conditionally on whether it exists already. */
DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS set_full_group_by;
 
/* Reset delimter to allow semicolons to terminate statements. */
DELIMITER $$
 
/* Create a procedure to verify and set connection parameter. */
CREATE PROCEDURE set_full_group_by()
  LANGUAGE SQL
  NOT DETERMINISTIC
  SQL SECURITY DEFINER
  COMMENT 'Set connection parameter when not set.'
BEGIN
 
  /* Check whether full group by is set in the connection and
     if unset, set it in the scope of the connection. */
  IF EXISTS
    (SELECT TRUE
     WHERE NOT REGEXP_LIKE(@@SESSION.SQL_MODE,'ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY'))
  THEN
    SET @@GLOBAL.SQL_MODE := CONCAT(@@SESSION.sql_mode,',ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY');
  END IF;
END;
$$
 
/* Reset the default delimiter. */
DELIMITER ;

You can call the set_full_group_by procedure with the CALL command:

CALL set_full_group_by();

You can see the SQL_MODE variable with the following query:

SELECT @@GLOBAL.SQL_MODE;

It’ll return:

+---------------------------------------------------------------+
| @@GLOBAL.SQL_MODE                                             |
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
| ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION |
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

As always, I hope this helps those looking to solve this type of problem.

Written by maclochlainn

January 13th, 2023 at 12:06 am

Posted in Database,MySQL,MySQL 8,MySQL Shell

Tagged with ,

GROUP BY Quirk

without comments

It’s always interesting to see how others teach SQL courses. It can be revealing as to whether they understand SQL or only understand a dialect of SQL. In this case, one of my old students was taking a graduate course in SQL and the teacher was using MySQL. The teacher made an issue of using ANSI SQL:1999 or SQL3 and asked the following question, which I suspect is a quiz bank question from a textbook:

“How would you get all students’ names and for each student the number of courses that the
student has registered for?”

They referenced the MySQL 5.7 documentation for the GROUP BY and SQL:1999 as if MySQL implemented the ANSI SQL:1999 specification defined the standard. I didn’t know whether to laugh or cry because they were referring to MySQL 5.7 when we’re all using MySQL 8 and anybody who’s worked in more than MySQL knows that the behavior for a GROUP BY in MySQL can work without listing the necessary non-aggregated columns in the SELECT-list.

For example, their working solution, which is from the instructor and the author of their MySQL textbook the correct perspective of ANSI:1999 behavior. It doesn’t matter that their solution is actually based on ANSI:1992 not ANSI:1999 because it will only succeed because of a quirk of MySQL:

SELECT   a.studentname
,        COUNT(b.courseid)
FROM     students a INNER JOIN registeredcourses b
ON       a.studentid = b.studentid
GROUP BY a.studentid;

While it works in MySQL, it doesn’t work because it conforms to an ANSI standard. It works in MySQL, notwithstanding that standard because it violates the standard.

In Oracle, PostgreSQL, and SQL Server, it raises an exception. For example, Oracle raises the following exception:

SELECT   a.studentname
         *
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00979: not a GROUP BY expression

The correct way to write the GROUP BY is:

SELECT   a.studentname
,        COUNT(b.courseid)
FROM     students a INNER JOIN registeredcourses b
ON       a.studentid = b.studentid INNER JOIN courses c
ON       b.courseid = c.courseid
GROUP BY a.studentname;

Then, it would return:

Student Name                   Course IDs
------------------------------ ----------
Montgomery Scott                        1
Leonard McCoy                           2
James Tiberus Kirk                      3

For reference, here’s a complete test case for MySQL:

/* Drop table conditionally. */
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS students;
 
/* Create table. */
CREATE TABLE students
( studentID    int unsigned primary key auto_increment
, studentName  varchar(30));
 
/* Drop table conditionally. */
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS courses;
 
/* Create table. */
CREATE TABLE courses
( courseid    int unsigned primary key auto_increment
, coursename  varchar(40));
 
/* Drop table conditionally. */
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS registeredcourses;
 
/* Create table. */
CREATE TABLE registeredcourses
( courseid    int unsigned
, studentid   int unsigned );
 
/* Insert into students. */
INSERT INTO students
( studentName )
VALUES
 ('James Tiberus Kirk')
,('Leonard McCoy')
,('Montgomery Scott');
 
/* Insert into courses. */
INSERT INTO courses
( coursename )
VALUES
 ('English Literature')
,('Physics')
,('English Composition')
,('Botany')
,('Mechanical Engineering');
 
/* Insert into registeredcourses. */
INSERT INTO registeredcourses
( studentid
, courseid )
VALUES
 (1,1)
,(1,3)
,(1,4)
,(2,2)
,(2,5)
,(3,4); 
 
/* Check global sql_mode to ensure only_full_group_by is set. */
SELECT @@GLOBAL.SQL_MODE;
 
/* Query with a column not found in the SELECT-list. */
SELECT   a.studentname
,        COUNT(b.courseid)
FROM     students a INNER JOIN registeredcourses b
ON       a.studentid = b.studentid
GROUP BY a.studentid;
 
/* Query consistent with ANSI SQL:1992 */
SELECT   a.studentname
,        COUNT(b.courseid)
FROM     students a INNER JOIN registeredcourses b
ON       a.studentid = b.studentid INNER JOIN courses c
ON       b.courseid = c.courseid
GROUP BY a.studentname;

and, another complete test case for Oracle:

/* Drop tabhe unconditionallly. */
DROP TABLE students;
 
/* Create table. */
CREATE TABLE students
( studentID    NUMBER PRIMARY KEY
, studentName  VARCHAR(30));
 
/* Drop table unconditionally. */
DROP TABLE courses;
 
/* Create table. */
CREATE TABLE courses
( courseid    NUMBER PRIMARY KEY
, coursename  VARCHAR(40));
 
/* Drop table unconditionally. */
DROP TABLE registeredcourses;
 
/* Create table. */
CREATE TABLE registeredcourses
( courseid    NUMBER
, studentid   NUMBER );
 
/* Insert values in student. */
INSERT INTO students ( studentid, studentName ) VALUES (1,'James Tiberus Kirk');
INSERT INTO students ( studentid, studentName ) VALUES (2,'Leonard McCoy');
INSERT INTO students ( studentid, studentName ) VALUES (3,'Montgomery Scott');
 
/* Insert values in courses. */
INSERT INTO courses ( courseid, coursename ) VALUES (1,'English Literature');
INSERT INTO courses ( courseid, coursename ) VALUES (2,'Physics');
INSERT INTO courses ( courseid, coursename ) VALUES (3,'English Composition');
INSERT INTO courses ( courseid, coursename ) VALUES (4,'Botany');
INSERT INTO courses ( courseid, coursename ) VALUES (5,'Mechanical Engineering');
 
/* Insert values into registeredcourses. */
INSERT INTO registeredcourses ( studentid, courseid ) VALUES (1,1);
INSERT INTO registeredcourses ( studentid, courseid ) VALUES (1,3);
INSERT INTO registeredcourses ( studentid, courseid ) VALUES (1,4);
INSERT INTO registeredcourses ( studentid, courseid ) VALUES (2,2);
INSERT INTO registeredcourses ( studentid, courseid ) VALUES (2,5);
INSERT INTO registeredcourses ( studentid, courseid ) VALUES (3,4); 
 
/* Non-ANSI SQL GROUP BY statement. */
SELECT   a.studentname
,        COUNT(b.courseid)
FROM     students a INNER JOIN registeredcourses b
ON       a.studentid = b.studentid
GROUP BY a.studentid;
 
/* ANSI SQL GROUP BY statement. */
SELECT   a.studentname AS "Student Name"
,        COUNT(b.courseid) AS "Course IDs"
FROM     students a INNER JOIN registeredcourses b
ON       a.studentid = b.studentid INNER JOIN courses c
ON       b.courseid = c.courseid
GROUP BY a.studentname;

I hope this helps those learning the correct way to write SQL.

Written by maclochlainn

January 12th, 2023 at 11:30 pm

Posted in MySQL,MySQL 8,Oracle,Oracle 18c,Oracle 21c,PostgreSQL,PostgreSQL 15,SQL Server,SQL Server 2014

Tagged with , , ,

MySQL PNG Files

with one comment

LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL, Perl/PHP/Python) Architecture is very flexible. All the components can be positioned on the same server or different servers. The servers are divided into two types. The types are known as the Application or database tiers. Generally, the application tier holds the Apache Server, any Apache Modules, and local copies of Server Side Includes (SSI) programs.

In many development environments, you also deploy the client to the same machine. This means a single machine runs the database server, the application server, and the browser. The lab for this section assumes these configurations.

Before you test an installation, you should make sure that you’ve started the database and Apache server. In an Oracle LAMP configuration (known as an OLAP – Oracle, Linux, Apache, Perl/PHP/Python), you must start both the Oracle Listener and database. MySQL starts the listener when you start the database. You must also start the Apache Server. The Apache Server also starts an Apache Listener, which listens for incoming HTTP/HTTPS requests. It listens on Port 80 unless you override that setting in the httpd.conf file.

The URI reaches the server and is redirected to an Apache Module based on configuration information found in the httpd.conf file. Spawned or child processes of the Apache Module then read programs into memory from the file system and run them. If you’ve uploaded a file the locally stored program can move it from a secure cache location to another local area for processing. The started programs can run independently or include other files as libraries, and they can communicate to the database server.

Working though PHP test cases against the MySQL database for my AlmaLinux installation and configuration, I discovered that the php-gd library weren’t installed by default. I had to add it to get my PHP programs to upload and display PNG files.

The log file for applying the php-gd packages:

Display detailed console log →

Last metadata expiration check: 3:59:15 ago on Wed 28 Dec 2022 08:17:58 PM EST.
Dependencies resolved.
================================================================================
 Package         Architecture    Version               Repository          Size
================================================================================
Installing:
 php-gd          x86_64          8.0.20-3.el9          appstream           43 k
 
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install  1 Package
 
Total download size: 43 k
Installed size: 110 k
Downloading Packages:
php-gd-8.0.20-3.el9.x86_64.rpm                  196 kB/s |  43 kB     00:00    
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                            39 kB/s |  43 kB     00:01     
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Preparing        :                                                        1/1 
  Installing       : php-gd-8.0.20-3.el9.x86_64                             1/1 
  Running scriptlet: php-gd-8.0.20-3.el9.x86_64                             1/1 
  Verifying        : php-gd-8.0.20-3.el9.x86_64                             1/1 
 
Installed:
  php-gd-8.0.20-3.el9.x86_64                                                    
 
Complete!

The balance of this page demonstrates how to upload, store, and manage Text (Character Large Data Streams) and BLOBs (Binary Large Objects). It provides MySQL equivalent instructions to those for manaing LOBs in an Oracle database. As covered in Chapter 8 in my Oracle Database 11g PL/SQL Programming book.

Before you begin these steps, you should have already installed Zend Server Community Edition. If you haven’t done so, please click here for instructions.

Create directories or folders, and position code →

This section provides you with instructions on how to position the code components in Windows, at least for the newbie. If you’re on Linux, you probably know how to do most if not all of this already. Likewise, if you already know how to put things in the right place, please choose your own locations.

  1. Create a LOB (Large Object) directory for the PHP files inside the htdocs directory.

oraclelobsetup1

    You can down the MySQL PHP Upload LOB Web Code zip file and unzip it into the directory you just created. It can co-exist with the Oracle equivalent if you’ve done that already.

Load a TEXT (like an Oracle CLOB) column to the MySQL database →

This is a copy of the three files required to load a large string to a MySQL database into a mediumtext data type. The code is in clear text because somebody asked for it. They’re nervous about zip files. Click the title above to expand all the code text.

MySQLCredentials.inc

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<?php
  // Connection variables.
  define('HOSTNAME',"localhost");
  define('USERNAME',"student");
  define('PASSWORD',"student");
  define('DATABASE',"sampledb");
?>

UploadItemDescMySQLForm.htm

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<html>
<head>
<title>
  UploadItemDescMySQLForm.htm
</title>
</head>
<body>
<form id="uploadForm"
      action="UploadItemDescMySQL.php"
      enctype="multipart/form-data"
      method="post">
  <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0>
    <tr>
      <td width=125>Item Number</td>
      <td>
        <input id="id" name="id" type="text">
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width=125>Item Title</td>
      <td>
        <input id="title" name="title" type="text">
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width=125>Select File</td>
      <td>
        <input id="uploadfilename" name="userfile" type="file">
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width=125>Click Button to</td>
      <td><input type="submit" value="Upload File"></td>
    </tr>
  </table>
</form>
</body>
</html>

UploadItemDescMySQL.php

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<?php
  // Set database credentials.
  include_once("MySQLCredentials.inc");
 
  // Displayed moved file in web page.
  $item_desc = process_uploaded_file();
 
  // Return successful attempt to connect to the database.
  if (!$c = @mysqli_connect(HOSTNAME,USERNAME,PASSWORD,DATABASE)) {
    // Print user message.
    print "Sorry! The connection to the database failed. Please try again later.";
 
    // Assign the mysqli_error() and format double and single quotes.
    print mysqli_error();
 
    // Kill the resource.
    die();
  }
  else {
    // Declare input variables.
    $id = (isset($_POST['id']))    ? (int) $_POST['id'] : $id = 21;
    $title = (isset($_POST['title'])) ? $_POST['title'] : $title = "Harry #1";
 
    // Initialize a statement in the scope of the connection.
    $stmt = mysqli_stmt_init($c);
 
    // Declare a PL/SQL execution command.
    $sql = "Update item  set item_desc = ? where item_id = ?";
 
    // Prepate statement and link it to a connection.
    if (mysqli_stmt_prepare($stmt,$sql)) {
      mysqli_stmt_bind_param($stmt,"si",$item_desc,$id);
 
      // Execute it and print success or failure message.
      if (mysqli_stmt_execute($stmt)) {
        query_insert($id,$title);
      }
      else {
        print "You're target row doesn't exist.";
      }
    }
    // Disconnect from database.
    mysqli_close($c);
  }
 
  // Query results afret an insert.
  function query_insert($id,$title)
  {
    // Return successful attempt to connect to the database.
    if (!$c  = @mysqli_connect(HOSTNAME,USERNAME,PASSWORD,DATABASE)) {
      // Print user message.
      print "Sorry! The connection to the database failed. Please try again later.";
 
      // Assign the OCI error and format double and single quotes.
      print mysqli_error();
 
      // Kill the resource.
      die();
    }
    else {
 
      // Initialize a statement in the scope of the connection.
      $stmt = mysqli_stmt_init($c);
 
      // Declare a SQL SELECT statement returning a CLOB.
      $sql = "SELECT item_desc FROM item WHERE item_id = ?";
 
      // Prepare statement.
      if (mysqli_stmt_prepare($stmt,$sql)) {
        mysqli_stmt_bind_param($stmt,"i",$id);
 
        // Execute it and print success or failure message.
        if (mysqli_stmt_execute($stmt)) {
 
          // Bind result to local variable.
	      mysqli_stmt_bind_result($stmt, $desc);
 
          // Read result.
          mysqli_stmt_fetch($stmt);
 
          // Format HTML table to display biography.
          $out = '<table border="1" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0">';
          $out .= '<tr>';
          $out .= '<td align="center" class="e">'.$title.'</td>';
          $out .= '</tr>';
          $out .= '<tr>';
          $out .= '<td class="v">'.$desc.'</td>';
          $out .= '</tr>';
          $out .= '</table>';
 
          // Print the HTML table.
          print $out;
        }
      }
 
      // Disconnect from database.
      mysqli_close($c);
    }
  }
 
  // Manage file upload and return file as string.
  function process_uploaded_file()
  {
    // Declare a variable for file contents.
    $contents = "";
 
    // Define the upload file name for Windows or Linux.
    if (preg_match(".Win32.",$_SERVER["SERVER_SOFTWARE"]))
      $upload_file = "C:\\temp\\".$_FILES['userfile']['name'];
    else
      $upload_file = "/tmp/".$_FILES['userfile']['name'];
 
    // Check for and move uploaded file.
    if (is_uploaded_file($_FILES['userfile']['tmp_name']))
      move_uploaded_file($_FILES['userfile']['tmp_name'],$upload_file);
 
    // Open a file handle and suppress an error for a missing file.
    if ($fp = @fopen($upload_file,"r"))
    {
      // Read until the end-of-file marker.
      while (!feof($fp))
        $contents .= fgetc($fp);
      // Close an open file handle.
      fclose($fp);
    }
    // Return file content as string.
    return $contents;
  }
?>

Load a BLOB column to the MySQL database →

This is a copy of the four files required to load a large image to a MySQL database into a MEDIUMBLOB data type. The fourth file reads the binary image and translates it into an HTML header and image that can be read through a call to the src attribute of an img tag. You can find the call to the forth file in the UploadItemBlobMySQL.php.

The code is in clear text because somebody asked for it. They’re nervous about zip files. Click the title above to expand all the code text.

MySQLCredentials.inc

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<?php
  // Connection variables.
  define('HOSTNAME',"localhost");
  define('USERNAME',"student");
  define('PASSWORD',"student");
  define('DATABASE',"sampledb");
?>

UploadItemBlobMySQLForm.htm

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<html>
<head>
<title>
  UploadItemBlobMySQLForm.htm
</title>
</head>
<body>
<form id="uploadForm"
      action="UploadItemBlobMySQL.php"
      enctype="multipart/form-data"
      method="post">
  <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0>
    <tr>
      <td width=125>Item Number</td>
      <td>
        <input id="id" name="id" type="text">
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width=125>Item Title</td>
      <td>
        <input id="title" name="title" type="text">
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width=125>Select File</td>
      <td>
        <input id="uploadfilename" name="userfile" type="file">
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width=125>Click Button to</td>
      <td><input type="submit" value="Upload File"></td>
    </tr>
  </table>
</form>
</body>
</html>

UploadItemBlobMySQL.php

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<?php
  // Set database credentials.
  include_once("MySQLCredentials.inc");
 
  // Displayed moved file in web page.
  $item_blob = process_uploaded_file();
 
  // Return successful attempt to connect to the database.
  if (!$c = @mysqli_connect(HOSTNAME,USERNAME,PASSWORD,DATABASE)) {
    // Print user message.
    print "Sorry! The connection to the database failed. Please try again later.";
 
    // Assign the mysqli_error() error and format double and single quotes.
    print mysqli_error();
 
    // Kill the resource.
    die();
  }
  else {
    // Declare input variables.
    $id = (isset($_POST['id'])) ? (int) $_POST['id'] : 1021;
    $title = (isset($_POST['title'])) ? $_POST['title'] : "Harry #1";
 
    // Initialize a statement in the scope of the connection.
    $stmt = mysqli_stmt_init($c);
 
   // Declare a PL/SQL execution command.
    $sql = "UPDATE item SET item_blob = ? WHERE item_id =  ?";
 
    // Prepare statement and link it to a connection.
    if (mysqli_stmt_prepare($stmt,$sql)) {
      mysqli_stmt_bind_param($stmt,"bi",$item_blob,$id);
 
      $start = 0;
      $chunk = 8192;
      while ($start < strlen($item_blob)) {
        mysqli_stmt_send_long_data($stmt,0,substr($item_blob,$start,$chunk));
        $start += $chunk;
      }
 
      // Execute the PL/SQL statement.
      if (mysqli_stmt_execute($stmt)) {
        query_insert($id,$title);
      }
      else {
        print "Your target row doesn't exist.";
      }
    }
    else { print "mysqli_stmt_prepare() failed."; }
    // Disconnect from database.
    mysqli_close($c);
  }
 
  // Query results afret an insert.
  function query_insert($id,$title)
  {
    // Return successful attempt to connect to the database.
    if (!$c = @mysqli_connect(HOSTNAME,USERNAME,PASSWORD,DATABASE)) {
      // Print user message.
      print "Sorry! The connection to the database failed. Please try again later.";
 
      // Assign the OCI error and format double and single quotes.
      print mysqli_error();
 
      // Kill the resource.
      die();
    }
    else {
 
      // Initialize a statement in the scope of the connection.
      $stmt = mysqli_stmt_init($c);
 
      // Declare a SQL SELECT statement returning a CLOB.
      $sql = "SELECT item_desc FROM item WHERE item_id = ?";
 
      // Prepare statement and link it to a connection.
      if (mysqli_stmt_prepare($stmt,$sql)) {
        mysqli_stmt_bind_param($stmt,"i",$id);
 
        // Execute the PL/SQL statement.
        if (mysqli_stmt_execute($stmt)) {
 
          // Bind result to local variable.
	      mysqli_stmt_bind_result($stmt, $data);
 
          // Read result.
          mysqli_stmt_fetch($stmt);
 
          // Format HTML table to display BLOB photo and CLOB description.
          $out = '<table border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0">';
          $out .= '<tr>';
          $out .= '<td align="center" class="e">'.$title.'</td>';
          $out .= '</tr>';
          $out .= '<tr><td class="v">';
          $out .= '<div>';
          $out .= '<div style="margin-right:5px;float:left">';
          $out .= '<img src="ConvertMySQLBlobToImage.php?id='.$id.'">';
          $out .= '</div>';
          $out .= '<div style="position=relative;">'.$data.'</div>';
          $out .= '</div>';
          $out .= '</td></tr>';
          $out .= '</table>';
 
          // Print the HTML table.
          print $out;
        }
        else {
          print "You're target row doesn't exist.";
        }
      }
 
      // Disconnect from database.
      mysqli_close($c);
    }
  }
 
  // Manage file upload and return file as string.
  function process_uploaded_file()
  {
    // Declare a variable for file contents.
    $contents = "";
 
    // Define the upload file name for Windows or Linux.
    if (preg_match(".Win32.",$_SERVER["SERVER_SOFTWARE"]))
      $upload_file = "C:\\TEMP\\".$_FILES['userfile']['name'];
    else
      $upload_file = "/tmp/".$_FILES['userfile']['name'];
 
    // Check for and move uploaded file.
    if (is_uploaded_file($_FILES['userfile']['tmp_name']))
      move_uploaded_file($_FILES['userfile']['tmp_name'],$upload_file);
 
    // Open a file handle and suppress an error for a missing file.
    if ($fp = @fopen($upload_file,"r"))
    {
      // Read until the end-of-file marker.
      while (!feof($fp))
        $contents .= fgetc($fp);
 
      // Close an open file handle.
      fclose($fp);
    }
 
    // Return file content as string.
    return $contents;
  }
?>

ConvertMySQLBlobToImage.php

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<?php
  // Database credentials must be set manually because an include_once() function
  // call puts something ahead of the header, which causes a failure when rendering
  // an image.
 
  // Return successful attempt to connect to the database.
  if (!$c = @mysqli_connect("localhost","student","student","sampledb")) {
 
    // Print user message.
    print "Sorry! The connection to the database failed. Please try again later.";
 
    // Assign the OCI error and format double and single quotes.
    print mysqli_error();
 
    // Kill the resource.
    die();
  }
  else {
 
    // Declare input variables.
    $id = (isset($_GET['id'])) ? (int) $_GET['id'] : 1023;
 
    // Initialize a statement in the scope of the connection.
    $stmt = mysqli_stmt_init($c);
 
    // Declare a SQL SELECT statement returning a MediumBLOB.
    $sql = "SELECT item_blob FROM item WHERE item_id = ?";
 
    // Prepare statement and link it to a connection.
    if (mysqli_stmt_prepare($stmt,$sql)) {
      mysqli_stmt_bind_param($stmt,"i",$id);
 
      // Execute the PL/SQL statement.
      if (mysqli_stmt_execute($stmt)) {
 
        // Bind result to local variable.
	      mysqli_stmt_bind_result($stmt, $image);
 
        // Read result.
        mysqli_stmt_fetch($stmt);
      }
    } 
 
    // Disconnect from database.
    mysqli_close($c);
 
    // Print the header first.
    header('Content-type: image/x-png');
    imagepng(imagecreatefromstring($image));
  }
?>
  1. Create a temp directory for the upload target location, as qualified in the PHP code. The PHP code works regardless of whether you’re on Windows or Linux, but it does depend on the creation of this directory.

oraclelobsetup2

  1. Create a directory or folder for the large file source directories. This directory is probably on your test machine (laptop) but it mimics a client laptop and would work if your server was on a different machine.

oraclelobsetup3

  1. Inside the Upload directory, you should create the following two directories:

oraclelobsetup4

    You should download the CLOB Text File zip file and unzip it into the textfiles directory; then download the BLOB Image File zip file and unzip it into the imagefiles directory.

Assuming you’ve downloaded the zip files and extracted them into the correct locations, this section is done.

Prepare the MySQL database →

This section provides you with instructions on how to ensure everything will work once the PHP programs call the database. Even if you have one of my sample Video Store databases, you should verify and add appropriate columns. This post assumes you’ve downloaded the one of my basic Video Store models

  1. Navigate to the directory that you created for SQL scripts, which should be /home/student/Data/mysql. In that directory at the command prompt, connect as the student user, which should be student. You connect to the MySQL database, with the following syntax as student (if you need more help, check this blog post on configuring MySQL).
mysql -ustudent -pstudent

Once connected to the database, you run the files to create the database, like:

mysql> source /Data/mysql/create_mysql_store.sql
mysql> source /Data/mysql/seed_mysql_store.sql
  1. Navigate to the directory that you created for SQL scripts, which should be /home/student/Data/mysql. In that directory at the command prompt, connect as the student user, or whichever account you’re using. You should confirm that you have a item_desc column of TEXT data type, and an item_blob column of MEDIUMBLOB type in the item table. If you don’t have those columns, you can add them with the following statement:
ALTER TABLE item
ADD (item_desc TEXT, item_blob MEDIUMBLOB);

After ensuring that you have those two columns, you’ve completed this section.

Test the Configuration →

This section shows you how to test all that you’ve done. It works provided you created the directories and extracted the zip file contents to their respective directories. The virtual URL actually maps to the /var/www/html/lob directory.

  1. Enter the http://localhost/lob/UploadItemDescMySQLForm.htm URL, and complete the form by choosing a valid item_id column value and text file from your /home/student/Upload/TextFiles directory. Then, click the Upload File button (you can see a larger version of the image by clicking on it).

mysql_lob1

  1. This page displays after you successfully upload the text file to the database.

mysql_lob2

  1. Enter the http://localhost/lob/UploadItemBlobFormMySQL.htm URL, and complete the form by choosing a valid item_id column value and image file from your /home/student/Upload/ImageFiles directory. Then, click the Upload File button (you can see a larger version of the image by clicking on it).

mysql_lob3

  1. This page displays after you successfully upload the image file to the database.

mysql_lob4

Troubleshooting the Configuration →

This section shows you how to check why something isn’t working.

  1. The first thing to check are the credentials. They’re in the MySQLCredentials.inc file. They’re posted with a localhost machine name, student username, student password, and sampledb database.
  1. Not to be funny, but the second thing to check are credentials. Specifically, you need to check the credentials in the ConvertBlobToImage.php file. They’re individually entered in the connect string of this file because otherwise they put something in front of the header, which is disallowed to render the image.
  1. Check to see if the text or image file made it to the /var/www/html/lob/temp directory. If they made it that far but no further, check to see if you have valid procedures in the student schema.
  1. Check whether the TEXT and MEDIUMBLOB are loaded into the database. You use the LENGTH function, like this:
SELECT   i.item_id
,        length(i.item_desc)
,        length(i.item_blob)
FROM     item i
WHERE    i.item_desc IS NOT NULL
OR       i.item_blob IS NOT NULL;
  1. Check if the item_id value is found in the list of values.
  1. If you’re stumped, add a comment and explain what’s up.

If you find any problems, please let me know. I’ll be happy to fix them.

Written by maclochlainn

December 28th, 2022 at 10:59 pm

Posted in Database,LAMP,Linux,MySQL,MySQL 8,PHP,Unix

Tagged with , ,

AlmaLinux Install & Configuration

without comments

This is a collection of blog posts for installing and configuring AlmaLinux with the Oracle, PostgreSQL, MySQL databases and several programming languages. Sample programs show how to connect PHP and Python to the MySQL database.

I used Oracle Database 11g XE in this instance to keep the footprint as small as possible. It required a few tricks and discovering the missing library that caused folks grief eleven years ago. I build another with a current Oracle Database XE after the new year.

If you see something that I missed or you’d like me to add, let me know. As time allows, I’ll try to do that. Naturally, the post will get updates as things are added later.

Written by maclochlainn

December 21st, 2022 at 5:29 pm

Posted in AlmaLinux,Apache,Database,DBA,Java,Java 17,LAMP,Linux,MySQL,MySQL 8,MySQL Connect/J,Oracle,Oracle 11g,Oracle DBA,Oracle Developer,Oracle XE,pdo,Perl,Perl DBI,pgAdmin4,PHP,Postgres,PostgreSQL,PostgreSQL 15,Python 3.x,Rust,VMWare,VSCode

Tagged with , , , , , , , ,

AlmaLinux MySQL Workbench

without comments

AlmaLinux doesn’t natively support MySQL Workbench but these notes will help you install it. The great news is that MySQL Workbench works perfectly once you’ve installed all the dependent libraries. It’ll look like the following:

Disclaimer of sorts:

AlmaLinux is an open-source, community-driven project that intends to fill the gap left by the demise of the CentOS stable release. AlmaLinux is a 1:1 binary compatible fork of RHEL® 9 and it is built by the AlmaLinux OS Foundation as a standalone, completely free OS. The AlmaLinux OS Foundation will support future RHEL® releases by updating AlmaLinux. Ongoing development efforts are governed by the members of the community.

You can download MySQL Workbench from the following website:

https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/workbench

When you open this page, select the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 / Oracle Linux 9 (x86, 64-bit), RPM Package from the dropdown menu. Then, click the Download button. You may be prompted for your credentials or to create new credentials, but you can skip that by clicking on the No thanks, just start my download link.

When the download completes, open a terminal session as the student user. Navigate to the Downloads directory with the following command:

cd $HOME/Downloads

List the files in the $HOME/Downloads directory and you should see:

mysql-workbench-community-8.0.31-1.el9.x86_64.rpm

As the sudoer user or root, run the following command (naturally, exclude sudo if you’re the root user):

sudo dnf install -y mysql-workbench-community-8.0.31-1.el9.x86_64.rpm

It will most likely fail with an error message like this:

Last metadata expiration check: 2:50:04 ago on Thu 17 Nov 2022 09:33:15 AM EST.
Error: 
 Problem: conflicting requests
  - nothing provides gtkmm30-devel needed by mysql-workbench-community-8.0.31-1.el9.src
  - nothing provides libzip-devel needed by mysql-workbench-community-8.0.31-1.el9.src
  - nothing provides proj-devel needed by mysql-workbench-community-8.0.31-1.el9.src
  - nothing provides swig >= 3.0 needed by mysql-workbench-community-8.0.31-1.el9.src
(try to add '--skip-broken' to skip uninstallable packages or '--nobest' to use not only best candidate packages)

AlmaLinux doesn’t install these prerequisite packages. You’ll need to resolve these dependencies by installing them in the right order and groups before you can run the MySQL Workbench packages.

You can discover missing packages at the pkgs.org website. You need to resolve all four prerequisites before installing MySQL Workbench.

  1. Let’s start with the gtkmm30-devel package, which has eight separate dependencies. Assuming you’re still in your $HOME/Downloads directory, you can run the following command to get the gtkmm30-devel for AlmaLinux 9: 

    wget https://repo.almalinux.org/almalinux/9/CRB/x86_64/os/Packages/gtkmm30-devel-3.24.5-1.el9.x86_64.rpm

    It downloads the following package:

    gtkmm30-devel-3.24.5-1.el9.x86_64.rpm

    If you attempt to run it, the gtkmm30-devel package raises the following errors:

    sudo dnf install -y gtkmm30-devel-3.24.5-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
Last metadata expiration check: 0:41:13 ago on Thu 17 Nov 2022 02:39:59 PM EST.
Error: 
 Problem: conflicting requests
  - nothing provides pkgconfig(atkmm-1.6) >= 2.24.2 needed by gtkmm30-devel-3.24.5-1.el9.x86_64
  - nothing provides pkgconfig(cairomm-1.0) >= 1.12.0 needed by gtkmm30-devel-3.24.5-1.el9.x86_64
  - nothing provides pkgconfig(giomm-2.4) >= 2.54.0 needed by gtkmm30-devel-3.24.5-1.el9.x86_64
  - nothing provides pkgconfig(pangomm-1.4) >= 1.12.0 needed by gtkmm30-devel-3.24.5-1.el9.x86_64
(try to add '--skip-broken' to skip uninstallable packages or '--nobest' to use not only best candidate packages)

    While you only get four errors, there are more packages required. You need to use the wget utility to download these packages. I would recommend you create a temporary gtkmm30 subdirectory inside your $HOME/Downloads directory and change to that directory before downloading these files.

    wget https://repo.almalinux.org/almalinux/9/CRB/x86_64/os/Packages/atkmm-devel-2.28.2-2.el9.x86_64.rpm
wget https://repo.almalinux.org/almalinux/9/CRB/x86_64/os/Packages/cairomm-devel-1.14.2-10.el9.x86_64.rpm
wget https://repo.almalinux.org/almalinux/9/AppStream/x86_64/os/Packages/gdk-pixbuf2-devel-2.42.6-2.el9.x86_64.rpm
wget https://repo.almalinux.org/almalinux/9/CRB/x86_64/os/Packages/glibmm24-devel-2.66.1-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
wget https://repo.almalinux.org/almalinux/9/AppStream/x86_64/os/Packages/gtk3-devel-3.24.31-2.el9.x86_64.rpm
wget https://repo.almalinux.org/almalinux/9/CRB/x86_64/os/Packages/pangomm-devel-2.46.1-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
wget https://repo.almalinux.org/almalinux/9/CRB/x86_64/os/Packages/libsigc++20-devel-2.10.7-2.el9.x86_64.rpm

    You need to run these as a set of prerequisites, so from your gtkmm30 subdirectory use the following dnf command as the sudoer user:

    sudo dnf install -y *.rpm

    The log file for this is:

    Display detailed console log →

    Last metadata expiration check: 0:09:20 ago on Sun 20 Nov 2022 12:52:28 AM EST.
Dependencies resolved.
================================================================================
 Package                  Arch      Version               Repository       Size
================================================================================
Installing:
 atkmm-devel              x86_64    2.28.2-2.el9          @commandline     45 k
 cairomm-devel            x86_64    1.14.2-10.el9         @commandline     62 k
 gdk-pixbuf2-devel        x86_64    2.42.6-2.el9          @commandline     64 k
 glibmm24-devel           x86_64    2.66.1-1.el9          @commandline    497 k
 gtk3-devel               x86_64    3.24.31-2.el9         @commandline    4.1 M
 libsigc++20-devel        x86_64    2.10.7-2.el9          @commandline     67 k
 pangomm-devel            x86_64    2.46.1-1.el9          @commandline     65 k
Upgrading:
 dbus-common              noarch    1:1.12.20-6.el9       baseos           14 k
 dbus-daemon              x86_64    1:1.12.20-6.el9       appstream       196 k
 dbus-libs                x86_64    1:1.12.20-6.el9       baseos          151 k
 dbus-tools               x86_64    1:1.12.20-6.el9       baseos           50 k
 fontconfig               x86_64    2.14.0-1.el9          appstream       274 k
 freetype                 x86_64    2.10.4-9.el9          baseos          387 k
 fribidi                  x86_64    1.0.10-6.el9.2        appstream        84 k
 harfbuzz                 x86_64    2.7.4-8.el9           baseos          624 k
 harfbuzz-icu             x86_64    2.7.4-8.el9           appstream        14 k
 libblkid                 x86_64    2.37.4-9.el9          baseos          107 k
 libfdisk                 x86_64    2.37.4-9.el9          baseos          154 k
 libmount                 x86_64    2.37.4-9.el9          baseos          133 k
 libselinux               x86_64    3.4-3.el9             baseos           85 k
 libselinux-utils         x86_64    3.4-3.el9             baseos          158 k
 libsepol                 x86_64    3.4-1.1.el9           baseos          315 k
 libsmartcols             x86_64    2.37.4-9.el9          baseos           63 k
 libtiff                  x86_64    4.4.0-2.el9           appstream       195 k
 libuuid                  x86_64    2.37.4-9.el9          baseos           27 k
 libxml2                  x86_64    2.9.13-2.el9          baseos          746 k
 pcre2                    x86_64    10.40-2.el9           baseos          236 k
 pcre2-syntax             noarch    10.40-2.el9           baseos          143 k
 pcre2-utf16              x86_64    10.40-2.el9           appstream       216 k
 pcre2-utf32              x86_64    10.40-2.el9           appstream       205 k
 python3-libselinux       x86_64    3.4-3.el9             appstream       185 k
 python3-libxml2          x86_64    2.9.13-2.el9          baseos          226 k
 util-linux               x86_64    2.37.4-9.el9          baseos          2.2 M
 util-linux-core          x86_64    2.37.4-9.el9          baseos          434 k
 util-linux-user          x86_64    2.37.4-9.el9          baseos           30 k
Installing dependencies:
 at-spi2-atk-devel        x86_64    2.38.0-4.el9          appstream       9.5 k
 at-spi2-core-devel       x86_64    2.40.3-1.el9          appstream       134 k
 atk-devel                x86_64    2.36.0-5.el9          appstream       172 k
 brotli                   x86_64    1.0.9-6.el9           appstream       313 k
 brotli-devel             x86_64    1.0.9-6.el9           appstream        31 k
 bzip2-devel              x86_64    1.0.8-8.el9           appstream       213 k
 cairo-devel              x86_64    1.17.4-7.el9          appstream       190 k
 cairo-gobject-devel      x86_64    1.17.4-7.el9          appstream        10 k
 dbus-devel               x86_64    1:1.12.20-6.el9       appstream        33 k
 fontconfig-devel         x86_64    2.14.0-1.el9          appstream       128 k
 freetype-devel           x86_64    2.10.4-9.el9          appstream       1.1 M
 fribidi-devel            x86_64    1.0.10-6.el9.2        appstream        25 k
 glib2-devel              x86_64    2.68.4-5.el9          appstream       475 k
 graphite2-devel          x86_64    1.3.14-9.el9          appstream        21 k
 harfbuzz-devel           x86_64    2.7.4-8.el9           appstream       305 k
 libX11-devel             x86_64    1.7.0-7.el9           appstream       940 k
 libXau-devel             x86_64    1.0.9-8.el9           appstream        13 k
 libXcomposite-devel      x86_64    0.4.5-7.el9           appstream        15 k
 libXcursor-devel         x86_64    1.2.0-7.el9           appstream        21 k
 libXdamage-devel         x86_64    1.1.5-7.el9           appstream       9.3 k
 libXext-devel            x86_64    1.3.4-8.el9           appstream        72 k
 libXfixes-devel          x86_64    5.0.3-16.el9          appstream        12 k
 libXft-devel             x86_64    2.3.3-8.el9           appstream        18 k
 libXi-devel              x86_64    1.7.10-8.el9          appstream        99 k
 libXinerama-devel        x86_64    1.1.4-10.el9          appstream        13 k
 libXrandr-devel          x86_64    1.5.2-8.el9           appstream        19 k
 libXrender-devel         x86_64    0.9.10-16.el9         appstream        16 k
 libXtst-devel            x86_64    1.2.3-16.el9          appstream        15 k
 libblkid-devel           x86_64    2.37.4-9.el9          appstream        17 k
 libdatrie-devel          x86_64    0.2.13-4.el9          appstream       132 k
 libepoxy-devel           x86_64    1.5.5-4.el9           appstream       133 k
 libffi-devel             x86_64    3.4.2-7.el9           appstream        29 k
 libglvnd-core-devel      x86_64    1:1.3.4-1.el9         appstream        17 k
 libglvnd-devel           x86_64    1:1.3.4-1.el9         appstream       155 k
 libicu-devel             x86_64    67.1-9.el9            appstream       830 k
 libmount-devel           x86_64    2.37.4-9.el9          appstream        18 k
 libpng-devel             x86_64    2:1.6.37-12.el9       appstream       290 k
 libselinux-devel         x86_64    3.4-3.el9             appstream       113 k
 libsepol-devel           x86_64    3.4-1.1.el9           appstream        40 k
 libthai-devel            x86_64    0.1.28-8.el9          appstream       117 k
 libtiff-devel            x86_64    4.4.0-2.el9           appstream       513 k
 libxcb-devel             x86_64    1.13.1-9.el9          appstream       1.0 M
 libxkbcommon-devel       x86_64    1.0.3-4.el9           appstream        61 k
 libxml2-devel            x86_64    2.9.13-2.el9          appstream       828 k
 pango-devel              x86_64    1.48.7-2.el9          appstream       141 k
 pcre-cpp                 x86_64    8.44-3.el9.3          appstream        26 k
 pcre-devel               x86_64    8.44-3.el9.3          appstream       470 k
 pcre-utf16               x86_64    8.44-3.el9.3          appstream       184 k
 pcre-utf32               x86_64    8.44-3.el9.3          appstream       174 k
 pcre2-devel              x86_64    10.40-2.el9           appstream       474 k
 perl-Filter              x86_64    2:1.60-4.el9          appstream        81 k
 perl-encoding            x86_64    4:3.00-462.el9        appstream        62 k
 perl-open                noarch    1.12-479.el9          appstream        25 k
 pixman-devel             x86_64    0.40.0-5.el9          appstream        17 k
 sysprof-capture-devel    x86_64    3.40.1-3.el9          appstream        59 k
 wayland-devel            x86_64    1.19.0-4.el9          appstream       132 k
 xorg-x11-proto-devel     noarch    2021.4-2.el9          appstream       262 k
 
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install  64 Packages
Upgrade  28 Packages
 
Total size: 23 M
Total download size: 18 M
Downloading Packages:
(1/85): at-spi2-atk-devel-2.38.0-4.el9.x86_64.r  38 kB/s | 9.5 kB     00:00    
(2/85): atk-devel-2.36.0-5.el9.x86_64.rpm       334 kB/s | 172 kB     00:00    
(3/85): brotli-devel-1.0.9-6.el9.x86_64.rpm     354 kB/s |  31 kB     00:00    
(4/85): at-spi2-core-devel-2.40.3-1.el9.x86_64. 167 kB/s | 134 kB     00:00    
(5/85): cairo-devel-1.17.4-7.el9.x86_64.rpm     1.9 MB/s | 190 kB     00:00    
(6/85): cairo-gobject-devel-1.17.4-7.el9.x86_64 179 kB/s |  10 kB     00:00    
(7/85): brotli-1.0.9-6.el9.x86_64.rpm           413 kB/s | 313 kB     00:00    
(8/85): dbus-devel-1.12.20-6.el9.x86_64.rpm     549 kB/s |  33 kB     00:00    
(9/85): bzip2-devel-1.0.8-8.el9.x86_64.rpm      505 kB/s | 213 kB     00:00    
(10/85): fribidi-devel-1.0.10-6.el9.2.x86_64.rp 492 kB/s |  25 kB     00:00    
(11/85): fontconfig-devel-2.14.0-1.el9.x86_64.r 891 kB/s | 128 kB     00:00    
(12/85): graphite2-devel-1.3.14-9.el9.x86_64.rp 316 kB/s |  21 kB     00:00    
(13/85): glib2-devel-2.68.4-5.el9.x86_64.rpm    1.1 MB/s | 475 kB     00:00    
(14/85): harfbuzz-devel-2.7.4-8.el9.x86_64.rpm  850 kB/s | 305 kB     00:00    
(15/85): freetype-devel-2.10.4-9.el9.x86_64.rpm 1.7 MB/s | 1.1 MB     00:00    
(16/85): libXau-devel-1.0.9-8.el9.x86_64.rpm    170 kB/s |  13 kB     00:00    
(17/85): libXcomposite-devel-0.4.5-7.el9.x86_64 273 kB/s |  15 kB     00:00    
(18/85): libXcursor-devel-1.2.0-7.el9.x86_64.rp 344 kB/s |  21 kB     00:00    
(19/85): libXdamage-devel-1.1.5-7.el9.x86_64.rp 133 kB/s | 9.3 kB     00:00    
(20/85): libXfixes-devel-5.0.3-16.el9.x86_64.rp 256 kB/s |  12 kB     00:00    
(21/85): libXext-devel-1.3.4-8.el9.x86_64.rpm   768 kB/s |  72 kB     00:00    
(22/85): libXft-devel-2.3.3-8.el9.x86_64.rpm    324 kB/s |  18 kB     00:00    
(23/85): libXinerama-devel-1.1.4-10.el9.x86_64. 205 kB/s |  13 kB     00:00    
(24/85): libXi-devel-1.7.10-8.el9.x86_64.rpm    913 kB/s |  99 kB     00:00    
(25/85): libXrender-devel-0.9.10-16.el9.x86_64. 295 kB/s |  16 kB     00:00    
(26/85): libXrandr-devel-1.5.2-8.el9.x86_64.rpm 289 kB/s |  19 kB     00:00    
(27/85): libXtst-devel-1.2.3-16.el9.x86_64.rpm  261 kB/s |  15 kB     00:00    
(28/85): libblkid-devel-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64.rpm 284 kB/s |  17 kB     00:00    
(29/85): libX11-devel-1.7.0-7.el9.x86_64.rpm    1.4 MB/s | 940 kB     00:00    
(30/85): libepoxy-devel-1.5.5-4.el9.x86_64.rpm  1.2 MB/s | 133 kB     00:00    
(31/85): libdatrie-devel-0.2.13-4.el9.x86_64.rp 876 kB/s | 132 kB     00:00    
(32/85): libffi-devel-3.4.2-7.el9.x86_64.rpm    426 kB/s |  29 kB     00:00    
(33/85): libglvnd-core-devel-1.3.4-1.el9.x86_64 233 kB/s |  17 kB     00:00    
(34/85): libmount-devel-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64.rpm 280 kB/s |  18 kB     00:00    
(35/85): libglvnd-devel-1.3.4-1.el9.x86_64.rpm  976 kB/s | 155 kB     00:00    
(36/85): libpng-devel-1.6.37-12.el9.x86_64.rpm  1.9 MB/s | 290 kB     00:00    
(37/85): libselinux-devel-3.4-3.el9.x86_64.rpm  801 kB/s | 113 kB     00:00    
(38/85): libsepol-devel-3.4-1.1.el9.x86_64.rpm  636 kB/s |  40 kB     00:00    
(39/85): libthai-devel-0.1.28-8.el9.x86_64.rpm  630 kB/s | 117 kB     00:00    
(40/85): libicu-devel-67.1-9.el9.x86_64.rpm     1.3 MB/s | 830 kB     00:00    
(41/85): libtiff-devel-4.4.0-2.el9.x86_64.rpm   1.6 MB/s | 513 kB     00:00    
(42/85): libxkbcommon-devel-1.0.3-4.el9.x86_64. 710 kB/s |  61 kB     00:00    
(43/85): pango-devel-1.48.7-2.el9.x86_64.rpm    914 kB/s | 141 kB     00:00    
(44/85): pcre-cpp-8.44-3.el9.3.x86_64.rpm       425 kB/s |  26 kB     00:00    
(45/85): pcre-devel-8.44-3.el9.3.x86_64.rpm     1.8 MB/s | 470 kB     00:00    
(46/85): pcre-utf16-8.44-3.el9.3.x86_64.rpm     1.5 MB/s | 184 kB     00:00    
(47/85): libxml2-devel-2.9.13-2.el9.x86_64.rpm  1.2 MB/s | 828 kB     00:00    
(48/85): libxcb-devel-1.13.1-9.el9.x86_64.rpm   1.2 MB/s | 1.0 MB     00:00    
(49/85): pcre-utf32-8.44-3.el9.3.x86_64.rpm     1.4 MB/s | 174 kB     00:00    
(50/85): perl-Filter-1.60-4.el9.x86_64.rpm      704 kB/s |  81 kB     00:00    
(51/85): perl-encoding-3.00-462.el9.x86_64.rpm  916 kB/s |  62 kB     00:00    
(52/85): perl-open-1.12-479.el9.noarch.rpm      476 kB/s |  25 kB     00:00    
(53/85): pixman-devel-0.40.0-5.el9.x86_64.rpm   272 kB/s |  17 kB     00:00    
(54/85): sysprof-capture-devel-3.40.1-3.el9.x86 797 kB/s |  59 kB     00:00    
(55/85): pcre2-devel-10.40-2.el9.x86_64.rpm     1.3 MB/s | 474 kB     00:00    
(56/85): wayland-devel-1.19.0-4.el9.x86_64.rpm  1.0 MB/s | 132 kB     00:00    
(57/85): xorg-x11-proto-devel-2021.4-2.el9.noar 1.3 MB/s | 262 kB     00:00    
(58/85): dbus-daemon-1.12.20-6.el9.x86_64.rpm   1.3 MB/s | 196 kB     00:00    
(59/85): fontconfig-2.14.0-1.el9.x86_64.rpm     1.7 MB/s | 274 kB     00:00    
(60/85): harfbuzz-icu-2.7.4-8.el9.x86_64.rpm    217 kB/s |  14 kB     00:00    
(61/85): fribidi-1.0.10-6.el9.2.x86_64.rpm      700 kB/s |  84 kB     00:00    
(62/85): libtiff-4.4.0-2.el9.x86_64.rpm         1.5 MB/s | 195 kB     00:00    
(63/85): pcre2-utf32-10.40-2.el9.x86_64.rpm     1.2 MB/s | 205 kB     00:00    
(64/85): python3-libselinux-3.4-3.el9.x86_64.rp 1.5 MB/s | 185 kB     00:00    
(65/85): pcre2-utf16-10.40-2.el9.x86_64.rpm     995 kB/s | 216 kB     00:00    
(66/85): dbus-common-1.12.20-6.el9.noarch.rpm   203 kB/s |  14 kB     00:00    
(67/85): dbus-tools-1.12.20-6.el9.x86_64.rpm    856 kB/s |  50 kB     00:00    
(68/85): dbus-libs-1.12.20-6.el9.x86_64.rpm     1.3 MB/s | 151 kB     00:00    
(69/85): libblkid-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64.rpm       1.6 MB/s | 107 kB     00:00    
(70/85): libfdisk-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64.rpm       1.6 MB/s | 154 kB     00:00    
(71/85): freetype-2.10.4-9.el9.x86_64.rpm       1.5 MB/s | 387 kB     00:00    
(72/85): libmount-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64.rpm       1.3 MB/s | 133 kB     00:00    
(73/85): libselinux-3.4-3.el9.x86_64.rpm        820 kB/s |  85 kB     00:00    
(74/85): harfbuzz-2.7.4-8.el9.x86_64.rpm        1.4 MB/s | 624 kB     00:00    
(75/85): libselinux-utils-3.4-3.el9.x86_64.rpm  1.4 MB/s | 158 kB     00:00    
(76/85): libuuid-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64.rpm        448 kB/s |  27 kB     00:00    
(77/85): libsmartcols-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64.rpm   793 kB/s |  63 kB     00:00    
(78/85): libsepol-3.4-1.1.el9.x86_64.rpm        1.6 MB/s | 315 kB     00:00    
(79/85): pcre2-syntax-10.40-2.el9.noarch.rpm    1.2 MB/s | 143 kB     00:00    
(80/85): pcre2-10.40-2.el9.x86_64.rpm           1.6 MB/s | 236 kB     00:00    
(81/85): python3-libxml2-2.9.13-2.el9.x86_64.rp 1.4 MB/s | 226 kB     00:00    
(82/85): libxml2-2.9.13-2.el9.x86_64.rpm        1.5 MB/s | 746 kB     00:00    
(83/85): util-linux-user-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64.rp 618 kB/s |  30 kB     00:00    
(84/85): util-linux-core-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64.rp 1.1 MB/s | 434 kB     00:00    
(85/85): util-linux-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64.rpm     1.9 MB/s | 2.2 MB     00:01    
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                           2.4 MB/s |  18 MB     00:07     
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Preparing        :                                                        1/1 
  Installing       : xorg-x11-proto-devel-2021.4-2.el9.noarch             1/120 
  Upgrading        : libuuid-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64                          2/120 
  Upgrading        : libblkid-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64                         3/120 
  Running scriptlet: libblkid-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64                         3/120 
  Upgrading        : harfbuzz-2.7.4-8.el9.x86_64                          4/120 
  Upgrading        : freetype-2.10.4-9.el9.x86_64                         5/120 
  Upgrading        : libxml2-2.9.13-2.el9.x86_64                          6/120 
  Upgrading        : pcre2-syntax-10.40-2.el9.noarch                      7/120 
  Upgrading        : pcre2-10.40-2.el9.x86_64                             8/120 
  Upgrading        : libsepol-3.4-1.1.el9.x86_64                          9/120 
  Upgrading        : libselinux-3.4-3.el9.x86_64                         10/120 
  Running scriptlet: libselinux-3.4-3.el9.x86_64                         10/120 
  Upgrading        : libmount-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64                        11/120 
  Upgrading        : dbus-libs-1:1.12.20-6.el9.x86_64                    12/120 
  Installing       : libpng-devel-2:1.6.37-12.el9.x86_64                 13/120 
  Installing       : dbus-devel-1:1.12.20-6.el9.x86_64                   14/120 
  Installing       : libxml2-devel-2.9.13-2.el9.x86_64                   15/120 
  Upgrading        : libsmartcols-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64                    16/120 
  Installing       : libsigc++20-devel-2.10.7-2.el9.x86_64               17/120 
  Installing       : libffi-devel-3.4.2-7.el9.x86_64                     18/120 
  Installing       : wayland-devel-1.19.0-4.el9.x86_64                   19/120 
  Upgrading        : util-linux-core-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64                 20/120 
  Running scriptlet: util-linux-core-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64                 20/120 
  Installing       : libxkbcommon-devel-1.0.3-4.el9.x86_64               21/120 
  Upgrading        : dbus-tools-1:1.12.20-6.el9.x86_64                   22/120 
  Installing       : libsepol-devel-3.4-1.1.el9.x86_64                   23/120 
  Upgrading        : pcre2-utf16-10.40-2.el9.x86_64                      24/120 
  Upgrading        : pcre2-utf32-10.40-2.el9.x86_64                      25/120 
  Installing       : pcre2-devel-10.40-2.el9.x86_64                      26/120 
  Installing       : libselinux-devel-3.4-3.el9.x86_64                   27/120 
  Upgrading        : fontconfig-2.14.0-1.el9.x86_64                      28/120 
  Running scriptlet: fontconfig-2.14.0-1.el9.x86_64                      28/120 
  Upgrading        : harfbuzz-icu-2.7.4-8.el9.x86_64                     29/120 
  Installing       : libblkid-devel-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64                  30/120 
  Installing       : libmount-devel-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64                  31/120 
  Upgrading        : libfdisk-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64                        32/120 
  Upgrading        : util-linux-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64                      33/120 
  Installing       : libXau-devel-1.0.9-8.el9.x86_64                     34/120 
  Installing       : libxcb-devel-1.13.1-9.el9.x86_64                    35/120 
  Installing       : libX11-devel-1.7.0-7.el9.x86_64                     36/120 
  Installing       : libXext-devel-1.3.4-8.el9.x86_64                    37/120 
  Installing       : libXfixes-devel-5.0.3-16.el9.x86_64                 38/120 
  Installing       : libXrender-devel-0.9.10-16.el9.x86_64               39/120 
  Installing       : libXi-devel-1.7.10-8.el9.x86_64                     40/120 
  Installing       : libXtst-devel-1.2.3-16.el9.x86_64                   41/120 
  Installing       : libXcursor-devel-1.2.0-7.el9.x86_64                 42/120 
  Installing       : libXrandr-devel-1.5.2-8.el9.x86_64                  43/120 
  Installing       : libXcomposite-devel-0.4.5-7.el9.x86_64              44/120 
  Installing       : libXdamage-devel-1.1.5-7.el9.x86_64                 45/120 
  Installing       : libXinerama-devel-1.1.4-10.el9.x86_64               46/120 
  Upgrading        : dbus-common-1:1.12.20-6.el9.noarch                  47/120 
  Running scriptlet: dbus-common-1:1.12.20-6.el9.noarch                  47/120 
  Upgrading        : libtiff-4.4.0-2.el9.x86_64                          48/120 
  Installing       : libtiff-devel-4.4.0-2.el9.x86_64                    49/120 
  Upgrading        : fribidi-1.0.10-6.el9.2.x86_64                       50/120 
  Installing       : fribidi-devel-1.0.10-6.el9.2.x86_64                 51/120 
  Installing       : sysprof-capture-devel-3.40.1-3.el9.x86_64           52/120 
  Installing       : pixman-devel-0.40.0-5.el9.x86_64                    53/120 
  Installing       : perl-Filter-2:1.60-4.el9.x86_64                     54/120 
  Installing       : perl-encoding-4:3.00-462.el9.x86_64                 55/120 
  Installing       : perl-open-1.12-479.el9.noarch                       56/120 
  Installing       : pcre-utf32-8.44-3.el9.3.x86_64                      57/120 
  Installing       : pcre-utf16-8.44-3.el9.3.x86_64                      58/120 
  Installing       : pcre-cpp-8.44-3.el9.3.x86_64                        59/120 
  Installing       : pcre-devel-8.44-3.el9.3.x86_64                      60/120 
  Installing       : glib2-devel-2.68.4-5.el9.x86_64                     61/120 
  Installing       : atk-devel-2.36.0-5.el9.x86_64                       62/120 
  Installing       : glibmm24-devel-2.66.1-1.el9.x86_64                  63/120 
  Installing       : at-spi2-core-devel-2.40.3-1.el9.x86_64              64/120 
  Installing       : at-spi2-atk-devel-2.38.0-4.el9.x86_64               65/120 
  Installing       : gdk-pixbuf2-devel-2.42.6-2.el9.x86_64               66/120 
  Installing       : libicu-devel-67.1-9.el9.x86_64                      67/120 
  Installing       : libglvnd-core-devel-1:1.3.4-1.el9.x86_64            68/120 
  Installing       : libglvnd-devel-1:1.3.4-1.el9.x86_64                 69/120 
  Installing       : libepoxy-devel-1.5.5-4.el9.x86_64                   70/120 
  Installing       : libdatrie-devel-0.2.13-4.el9.x86_64                 71/120 
  Installing       : libthai-devel-0.1.28-8.el9.x86_64                   72/120 
  Installing       : graphite2-devel-1.3.14-9.el9.x86_64                 73/120 
  Installing       : bzip2-devel-1.0.8-8.el9.x86_64                      74/120 
  Installing       : brotli-1.0.9-6.el9.x86_64                           75/120 
  Installing       : brotli-devel-1.0.9-6.el9.x86_64                     76/120 
  Installing       : harfbuzz-devel-2.7.4-8.el9.x86_64                   77/120 
  Installing       : freetype-devel-2.10.4-9.el9.x86_64                  78/120 
  Installing       : fontconfig-devel-2.14.0-1.el9.x86_64                79/120 
  Installing       : cairo-devel-1.17.4-7.el9.x86_64                     80/120 
  Installing       : cairo-gobject-devel-1.17.4-7.el9.x86_64             81/120 
  Installing       : cairomm-devel-1.14.2-10.el9.x86_64                  82/120 
  Installing       : libXft-devel-2.3.3-8.el9.x86_64                     83/120 
  Installing       : pango-devel-1.48.7-2.el9.x86_64                     84/120 
  Installing       : gtk3-devel-3.24.31-2.el9.x86_64                     85/120 
  Installing       : pangomm-devel-2.46.1-1.el9.x86_64                   86/120 
  Installing       : atkmm-devel-2.28.2-2.el9.x86_64                     87/120 
  Running scriptlet: dbus-daemon-1:1.12.20-6.el9.x86_64                  88/120 
  Upgrading        : dbus-daemon-1:1.12.20-6.el9.x86_64                  88/120 
  Running scriptlet: dbus-daemon-1:1.12.20-6.el9.x86_64                  88/120 
  Upgrading        : util-linux-user-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64                 89/120 
  Upgrading        : python3-libselinux-3.4-3.el9.x86_64                 90/120 
  Upgrading        : libselinux-utils-3.4-3.el9.x86_64                   91/120 
  Upgrading        : python3-libxml2-2.9.13-2.el9.x86_64                 92/120 
  Cleanup          : python3-libxml2-2.9.13-1.el9_0.1.x86_64             93/120 
  Running scriptlet: dbus-daemon-1:1.12.20-5.el9.x86_64                  94/120 
  Cleanup          : dbus-daemon-1:1.12.20-5.el9.x86_64                  94/120 
  Running scriptlet: dbus-daemon-1:1.12.20-5.el9.x86_64                  94/120 
  Cleanup          : libselinux-utils-3.3-2.el9.x86_64                   95/120 
  Cleanup          : fontconfig-2.13.94-2.el9.x86_64                     96/120 
  Running scriptlet: fontconfig-2.13.94-2.el9.x86_64                     96/120 
  Cleanup          : dbus-tools-1:1.12.20-5.el9.x86_64                   97/120 
  Cleanup          : python3-libselinux-3.3-2.el9.x86_64                 98/120 
  Cleanup          : util-linux-user-2.37.4-3.el9.x86_64                 99/120 
  Cleanup          : util-linux-2.37.4-3.el9.x86_64                     100/120 
  Cleanup          : util-linux-core-2.37.4-3.el9.x86_64                101/120 
  Cleanup          : libmount-2.37.4-3.el9.x86_64                       102/120 
  Cleanup          : libfdisk-2.37.4-3.el9.x86_64                       103/120 
  Cleanup          : libselinux-3.3-2.el9.x86_64                        104/120 
  Cleanup          : harfbuzz-icu-2.7.4-5.el9.x86_64                    105/120 
  Cleanup          : pcre2-10.37-5.el9_0.x86_64                         106/120 
  Cleanup          : libblkid-2.37.4-3.el9.x86_64                       107/120 
  Cleanup          : freetype-2.10.4-6.el9.x86_64                       108/120 
  Cleanup          : pcre2-utf32-10.37-5.el9_0.x86_64                   109/120 
  Cleanup          : pcre2-utf16-10.37-5.el9_0.x86_64                   110/120 
  Cleanup          : pcre2-syntax-10.37-5.el9_0.noarch                  111/120 
  Running scriptlet: dbus-common-1:1.12.20-5.el9.noarch                 112/120 
  Cleanup          : dbus-common-1:1.12.20-5.el9.noarch                 112/120 
  Running scriptlet: dbus-common-1:1.12.20-5.el9.noarch                 112/120 
  Cleanup          : harfbuzz-2.7.4-5.el9.x86_64                        113/120 
  Cleanup          : libuuid-2.37.4-3.el9.x86_64                        114/120 
  Cleanup          : libsepol-3.3-2.el9.x86_64                          115/120 
  Cleanup          : libsmartcols-2.37.4-3.el9.x86_64                   116/120 
  Cleanup          : dbus-libs-1:1.12.20-5.el9.x86_64                   117/120 
  Cleanup          : libxml2-2.9.13-1.el9_0.1.x86_64                    118/120 
  Cleanup          : libtiff-4.2.0-3.el9.x86_64                         119/120 
  Cleanup          : fribidi-1.0.10-6.el9.x86_64                        120/120 
  Running scriptlet: fontconfig-2.14.0-1.el9.x86_64                     120/120 
  Running scriptlet: fribidi-1.0.10-6.el9.x86_64                        120/120 
Regex version mismatch, expected: 10.40 2022-04-14 actual: 10.37 2021-05-26
Regex version mismatch, expected: 10.40 2022-04-14 actual: 10.37 2021-05-26
 
Regex version mismatch, expected: 10.40 2022-04-14 actual: 10.37 2021-05-26
Regex version mismatch, expected: 10.40 2022-04-14 actual: 10.37 2021-05-26
 
  Verifying        : at-spi2-atk-devel-2.38.0-4.el9.x86_64                1/120 
  Verifying        : at-spi2-core-devel-2.40.3-1.el9.x86_64               2/120 
  Verifying        : atk-devel-2.36.0-5.el9.x86_64                        3/120 
  Verifying        : brotli-1.0.9-6.el9.x86_64                            4/120 
  Verifying        : brotli-devel-1.0.9-6.el9.x86_64                      5/120 
  Verifying        : bzip2-devel-1.0.8-8.el9.x86_64                       6/120 
  Verifying        : cairo-devel-1.17.4-7.el9.x86_64                      7/120 
  Verifying        : cairo-gobject-devel-1.17.4-7.el9.x86_64              8/120 
  Verifying        : dbus-devel-1:1.12.20-6.el9.x86_64                    9/120 
  Verifying        : fontconfig-devel-2.14.0-1.el9.x86_64                10/120 
  Verifying        : freetype-devel-2.10.4-9.el9.x86_64                  11/120 
  Verifying        : fribidi-devel-1.0.10-6.el9.2.x86_64                 12/120 
  Verifying        : glib2-devel-2.68.4-5.el9.x86_64                     13/120 
  Verifying        : graphite2-devel-1.3.14-9.el9.x86_64                 14/120 
  Verifying        : harfbuzz-devel-2.7.4-8.el9.x86_64                   15/120 
  Verifying        : libX11-devel-1.7.0-7.el9.x86_64                     16/120 
  Verifying        : libXau-devel-1.0.9-8.el9.x86_64                     17/120 
  Verifying        : libXcomposite-devel-0.4.5-7.el9.x86_64              18/120 
  Verifying        : libXcursor-devel-1.2.0-7.el9.x86_64                 19/120 
  Verifying        : libXdamage-devel-1.1.5-7.el9.x86_64                 20/120 
  Verifying        : libXext-devel-1.3.4-8.el9.x86_64                    21/120 
  Verifying        : libXfixes-devel-5.0.3-16.el9.x86_64                 22/120 
  Verifying        : libXft-devel-2.3.3-8.el9.x86_64                     23/120 
  Verifying        : libXi-devel-1.7.10-8.el9.x86_64                     24/120 
  Verifying        : libXinerama-devel-1.1.4-10.el9.x86_64               25/120 
  Verifying        : libXrandr-devel-1.5.2-8.el9.x86_64                  26/120 
  Verifying        : libXrender-devel-0.9.10-16.el9.x86_64               27/120 
  Verifying        : libXtst-devel-1.2.3-16.el9.x86_64                   28/120 
  Verifying        : libblkid-devel-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64                  29/120 
  Verifying        : libdatrie-devel-0.2.13-4.el9.x86_64                 30/120 
  Verifying        : libepoxy-devel-1.5.5-4.el9.x86_64                   31/120 
  Verifying        : libffi-devel-3.4.2-7.el9.x86_64                     32/120 
  Verifying        : libglvnd-core-devel-1:1.3.4-1.el9.x86_64            33/120 
  Verifying        : libglvnd-devel-1:1.3.4-1.el9.x86_64                 34/120 
  Verifying        : libicu-devel-67.1-9.el9.x86_64                      35/120 
  Verifying        : libmount-devel-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64                  36/120 
  Verifying        : libpng-devel-2:1.6.37-12.el9.x86_64                 37/120 
  Verifying        : libselinux-devel-3.4-3.el9.x86_64                   38/120 
  Verifying        : libsepol-devel-3.4-1.1.el9.x86_64                   39/120 
  Verifying        : libthai-devel-0.1.28-8.el9.x86_64                   40/120 
  Verifying        : libtiff-devel-4.4.0-2.el9.x86_64                    41/120 
  Verifying        : libxcb-devel-1.13.1-9.el9.x86_64                    42/120 
  Verifying        : libxkbcommon-devel-1.0.3-4.el9.x86_64               43/120 
  Verifying        : libxml2-devel-2.9.13-2.el9.x86_64                   44/120 
  Verifying        : pango-devel-1.48.7-2.el9.x86_64                     45/120 
  Verifying        : pcre-cpp-8.44-3.el9.3.x86_64                        46/120 
  Verifying        : pcre-devel-8.44-3.el9.3.x86_64                      47/120 
  Verifying        : pcre-utf16-8.44-3.el9.3.x86_64                      48/120 
  Verifying        : pcre-utf32-8.44-3.el9.3.x86_64                      49/120 
  Verifying        : pcre2-devel-10.40-2.el9.x86_64                      50/120 
  Verifying        : perl-Filter-2:1.60-4.el9.x86_64                     51/120 
  Verifying        : perl-encoding-4:3.00-462.el9.x86_64                 52/120 
  Verifying        : perl-open-1.12-479.el9.noarch                       53/120 
  Verifying        : pixman-devel-0.40.0-5.el9.x86_64                    54/120 
  Verifying        : sysprof-capture-devel-3.40.1-3.el9.x86_64           55/120 
  Verifying        : wayland-devel-1.19.0-4.el9.x86_64                   56/120 
  Verifying        : xorg-x11-proto-devel-2021.4-2.el9.noarch            57/120 
  Verifying        : atkmm-devel-2.28.2-2.el9.x86_64                     58/120 
  Verifying        : cairomm-devel-1.14.2-10.el9.x86_64                  59/120 
  Verifying        : gdk-pixbuf2-devel-2.42.6-2.el9.x86_64               60/120 
  Verifying        : glibmm24-devel-2.66.1-1.el9.x86_64                  61/120 
  Verifying        : gtk3-devel-3.24.31-2.el9.x86_64                     62/120 
  Verifying        : libsigc++20-devel-2.10.7-2.el9.x86_64               63/120 
  Verifying        : pangomm-devel-2.46.1-1.el9.x86_64                   64/120 
  Verifying        : dbus-daemon-1:1.12.20-6.el9.x86_64                  65/120 
  Verifying        : dbus-daemon-1:1.12.20-5.el9.x86_64                  66/120 
  Verifying        : fontconfig-2.14.0-1.el9.x86_64                      67/120 
  Verifying        : fontconfig-2.13.94-2.el9.x86_64                     68/120 
  Verifying        : fribidi-1.0.10-6.el9.2.x86_64                       69/120 
  Verifying        : fribidi-1.0.10-6.el9.x86_64                         70/120 
  Verifying        : harfbuzz-icu-2.7.4-8.el9.x86_64                     71/120 
  Verifying        : harfbuzz-icu-2.7.4-5.el9.x86_64                     72/120 
  Verifying        : libtiff-4.4.0-2.el9.x86_64                          73/120 
  Verifying        : libtiff-4.2.0-3.el9.x86_64                          74/120 
  Verifying        : pcre2-utf16-10.40-2.el9.x86_64                      75/120 
  Verifying        : pcre2-utf16-10.37-5.el9_0.x86_64                    76/120 
  Verifying        : pcre2-utf32-10.40-2.el9.x86_64                      77/120 
  Verifying        : pcre2-utf32-10.37-5.el9_0.x86_64                    78/120 
  Verifying        : python3-libselinux-3.4-3.el9.x86_64                 79/120 
  Verifying        : python3-libselinux-3.3-2.el9.x86_64                 80/120 
  Verifying        : dbus-common-1:1.12.20-6.el9.noarch                  81/120 
  Verifying        : dbus-common-1:1.12.20-5.el9.noarch                  82/120 
  Verifying        : dbus-libs-1:1.12.20-6.el9.x86_64                    83/120 
  Verifying        : dbus-libs-1:1.12.20-5.el9.x86_64                    84/120 
  Verifying        : dbus-tools-1:1.12.20-6.el9.x86_64                   85/120 
  Verifying        : dbus-tools-1:1.12.20-5.el9.x86_64                   86/120 
  Verifying        : freetype-2.10.4-9.el9.x86_64                        87/120 
  Verifying        : freetype-2.10.4-6.el9.x86_64                        88/120 
  Verifying        : harfbuzz-2.7.4-8.el9.x86_64                         89/120 
  Verifying        : harfbuzz-2.7.4-5.el9.x86_64                         90/120 
  Verifying        : libblkid-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64                        91/120 
  Verifying        : libblkid-2.37.4-3.el9.x86_64                        92/120 
  Verifying        : libfdisk-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64                        93/120 
  Verifying        : libfdisk-2.37.4-3.el9.x86_64                        94/120 
  Verifying        : libmount-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64                        95/120 
  Verifying        : libmount-2.37.4-3.el9.x86_64                        96/120 
  Verifying        : libselinux-3.4-3.el9.x86_64                         97/120 
  Verifying        : libselinux-3.3-2.el9.x86_64                         98/120 
  Verifying        : libselinux-utils-3.4-3.el9.x86_64                   99/120 
  Verifying        : libselinux-utils-3.3-2.el9.x86_64                  100/120 
  Verifying        : libsepol-3.4-1.1.el9.x86_64                        101/120 
  Verifying        : libsepol-3.3-2.el9.x86_64                          102/120 
  Verifying        : libsmartcols-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64                   103/120 
  Verifying        : libsmartcols-2.37.4-3.el9.x86_64                   104/120 
  Verifying        : libuuid-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64                        105/120 
  Verifying        : libuuid-2.37.4-3.el9.x86_64                        106/120 
  Verifying        : libxml2-2.9.13-2.el9.x86_64                        107/120 
  Verifying        : libxml2-2.9.13-1.el9_0.1.x86_64                    108/120 
  Verifying        : pcre2-10.40-2.el9.x86_64                           109/120 
  Verifying        : pcre2-10.37-5.el9_0.x86_64                         110/120 
  Verifying        : pcre2-syntax-10.40-2.el9.noarch                    111/120 
  Verifying        : pcre2-syntax-10.37-5.el9_0.noarch                  112/120 
  Verifying        : python3-libxml2-2.9.13-2.el9.x86_64                113/120 
  Verifying        : python3-libxml2-2.9.13-1.el9_0.1.x86_64            114/120 
  Verifying        : util-linux-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64                     115/120 
  Verifying        : util-linux-2.37.4-3.el9.x86_64                     116/120 
  Verifying        : util-linux-core-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64                117/120 
  Verifying        : util-linux-core-2.37.4-3.el9.x86_64                118/120 
  Verifying        : util-linux-user-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64                119/120 
  Verifying        : util-linux-user-2.37.4-3.el9.x86_64                120/120 
 
Upgraded:
  dbus-common-1:1.12.20-6.el9.noarch     dbus-daemon-1:1.12.20-6.el9.x86_64    
  dbus-libs-1:1.12.20-6.el9.x86_64       dbus-tools-1:1.12.20-6.el9.x86_64     
  fontconfig-2.14.0-1.el9.x86_64         freetype-2.10.4-9.el9.x86_64          
  fribidi-1.0.10-6.el9.2.x86_64          harfbuzz-2.7.4-8.el9.x86_64           
  harfbuzz-icu-2.7.4-8.el9.x86_64        libblkid-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64          
  libfdisk-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64           libmount-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64          
  libselinux-3.4-3.el9.x86_64            libselinux-utils-3.4-3.el9.x86_64     
  libsepol-3.4-1.1.el9.x86_64            libsmartcols-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64      
  libtiff-4.4.0-2.el9.x86_64             libuuid-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64           
  libxml2-2.9.13-2.el9.x86_64            pcre2-10.40-2.el9.x86_64              
  pcre2-syntax-10.40-2.el9.noarch        pcre2-utf16-10.40-2.el9.x86_64        
  pcre2-utf32-10.40-2.el9.x86_64         python3-libselinux-3.4-3.el9.x86_64   
  python3-libxml2-2.9.13-2.el9.x86_64    util-linux-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64        
  util-linux-core-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64    util-linux-user-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64   
Installed:
  at-spi2-atk-devel-2.38.0-4.el9.x86_64                                         
  at-spi2-core-devel-2.40.3-1.el9.x86_64                                        
  atk-devel-2.36.0-5.el9.x86_64                                                 
  atkmm-devel-2.28.2-2.el9.x86_64                                               
  brotli-1.0.9-6.el9.x86_64                                                     
  brotli-devel-1.0.9-6.el9.x86_64                                               
  bzip2-devel-1.0.8-8.el9.x86_64                                                
  cairo-devel-1.17.4-7.el9.x86_64                                               
  cairo-gobject-devel-1.17.4-7.el9.x86_64                                       
  cairomm-devel-1.14.2-10.el9.x86_64                                            
  dbus-devel-1:1.12.20-6.el9.x86_64                                             
  fontconfig-devel-2.14.0-1.el9.x86_64                                          
  freetype-devel-2.10.4-9.el9.x86_64                                            
  fribidi-devel-1.0.10-6.el9.2.x86_64                                           
  gdk-pixbuf2-devel-2.42.6-2.el9.x86_64                                         
  glib2-devel-2.68.4-5.el9.x86_64                                               
  glibmm24-devel-2.66.1-1.el9.x86_64                                            
  graphite2-devel-1.3.14-9.el9.x86_64                                           
  gtk3-devel-3.24.31-2.el9.x86_64                                               
  harfbuzz-devel-2.7.4-8.el9.x86_64                                             
  libX11-devel-1.7.0-7.el9.x86_64                                               
  libXau-devel-1.0.9-8.el9.x86_64                                               
  libXcomposite-devel-0.4.5-7.el9.x86_64                                        
  libXcursor-devel-1.2.0-7.el9.x86_64                                           
  libXdamage-devel-1.1.5-7.el9.x86_64                                           
  libXext-devel-1.3.4-8.el9.x86_64                                              
  libXfixes-devel-5.0.3-16.el9.x86_64                                           
  libXft-devel-2.3.3-8.el9.x86_64                                               
  libXi-devel-1.7.10-8.el9.x86_64                                               
  libXinerama-devel-1.1.4-10.el9.x86_64                                         
  libXrandr-devel-1.5.2-8.el9.x86_64                                            
  libXrender-devel-0.9.10-16.el9.x86_64                                         
  libXtst-devel-1.2.3-16.el9.x86_64                                             
  libblkid-devel-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64                                            
  libdatrie-devel-0.2.13-4.el9.x86_64                                           
  libepoxy-devel-1.5.5-4.el9.x86_64                                             
  libffi-devel-3.4.2-7.el9.x86_64                                               
  libglvnd-core-devel-1:1.3.4-1.el9.x86_64                                      
  libglvnd-devel-1:1.3.4-1.el9.x86_64                                           
  libicu-devel-67.1-9.el9.x86_64                                                
  libmount-devel-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64                                            
  libpng-devel-2:1.6.37-12.el9.x86_64                                           
  libselinux-devel-3.4-3.el9.x86_64                                             
  libsepol-devel-3.4-1.1.el9.x86_64                                             
  libsigc++20-devel-2.10.7-2.el9.x86_64                                         
  libthai-devel-0.1.28-8.el9.x86_64                                             
  libtiff-devel-4.4.0-2.el9.x86_64                                              
  libxcb-devel-1.13.1-9.el9.x86_64                                              
  libxkbcommon-devel-1.0.3-4.el9.x86_64                                         
  libxml2-devel-2.9.13-2.el9.x86_64                                             
  pango-devel-1.48.7-2.el9.x86_64                                               
  pangomm-devel-2.46.1-1.el9.x86_64                                             
  pcre-cpp-8.44-3.el9.3.x86_64                                                  
  pcre-devel-8.44-3.el9.3.x86_64                                                
  pcre-utf16-8.44-3.el9.3.x86_64                                                
  pcre-utf32-8.44-3.el9.3.x86_64                                                
  pcre2-devel-10.40-2.el9.x86_64                                                
  perl-Filter-2:1.60-4.el9.x86_64                                               
  perl-encoding-4:3.00-462.el9.x86_64                                           
  perl-open-1.12-479.el9.noarch                                                 
  pixman-devel-0.40.0-5.el9.x86_64                                              
  sysprof-capture-devel-3.40.1-3.el9.x86_64                                     
  wayland-devel-1.19.0-4.el9.x86_64                                             
  xorg-x11-proto-devel-2021.4-2.el9.noarch                                      
 
Complete!

    Now return to your $HOME/Downloads directory and run the following command. You’ll notice that it installs and upgrades many more packages than you might expect.

    sudo dnf install -y gtkmm30-devel-3.24.5-1.el9.x86_64.rpm

    The log file for this is:

    Display detailed console log →

    Last metadata expiration check: 1:22:32 ago on Sun 20 Nov 2022 12:52:28 AM EST.
Dependencies resolved.
================================================================================
 Package             Architecture Version              Repository          Size
================================================================================
Installing:
 gtkmm30-devel       x86_64       3.24.5-1.el9         @commandline       605 k
 
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install  1 Package
 
Total size: 605 k
Installed size: 4.7 M
Downloading Packages:
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
Regex version mismatch, expected: 10.40 2022-04-14 actual: 10.37 2021-05-26
Regex version mismatch, expected: 10.40 2022-04-14 actual: 10.37 2021-05-26
  Preparing        :                                                        1/1 
  Installing       : gtkmm30-devel-3.24.5-1.el9.x86_64                      1/1 
  Running scriptlet: gtkmm30-devel-3.24.5-1.el9.x86_64                      1/1 
  Verifying        : gtkmm30-devel-3.24.5-1.el9.x86_64                      1/1 
 
Installed:
  gtkmm30-devel-3.24.5-1.el9.x86_64                                             
 
Complete!

    All that done and you’ve only got the first of four dependencies resovled.

  2. Next, start with the libzip-devel package, which has a couple dependencies. Assuming you’re still in your $HOME/Downloads directory, you can run the following command to get the libzip-devel and its prerequisite packages for AlmaLinux 9: 

    wget https://repo.almalinux.org/almalinux/9/CRB/x86_64/os/Packages/libzip-devel-1.7.3-7.el9.x86_64.rpm
wget https://repo.almalinux.org/almalinux/9/AppStream/x86_64/os/Packages/cmake-filesystem-3.20.2-7.el9.x86_64.rpm
wget https://repo.almalinux.org/almalinux/9/AppStream/x86_64/os/Packages/libzip-1.7.3-7.el9.x86_64.rpm

    You can run the prerequisites with the following command:

    sudo dnf install -y cmake*.rpm libzip-1.7.3*.rpm

    Now, you can run the libzip-devel package with this syntax:

    sudo dnf install -y libzip-devel*.rpm

    Having resolved the two dependencies, you can install the compression development kit. This completes the second step.

  3. Next, you need to apply the proj_devel package for AlmaLinux 9:

    wget https://download-ib01.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/9/Everything/x86_64/Packages/p/proj-devel-8.2.0-1.el9.x86_64.rpm

    Now, you can run the proj-devel package with this syntax:

    sudo dnf install -y proj-devel-8.2.0-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
  4. Next, you need to apply the swig packages for AlmaLinux 9:

    wget https://repo.almalinux.org/almalinux/9/CRB/x86_64/os/Packages/swig-4.0.2-8.el9.x86_64.rpm
wget https://repo.almalinux.org/almalinux/9/CRB/x86_64/os/Packages/swig-doc-4.0.2-8.el9.noarch.rpm
wget https://repo.almalinux.org/almalinux/9/CRB/x86_64/os/Packages/swig-gdb-4.0.2-8.el9.x86_64.rpm
    sudo dnf install -y swig*.rpm
  5. Next, you need to apply the mysql-community-workbench packages for AlmaLinux 9. The download instructions where provided above. You apply the packages with the following command.

    sudo dnf install -y mysql-workbench-community-8.0.31-1.el9.x86_64.rpm

    Display detailed console log →

    Last metadata expiration check: 1:06:04 ago on Sun 20 Nov 2022 03:28:30 PM EST.
Dependencies resolved.
================================================================================
 Package                      Arch      Version           Repository       Size
================================================================================
Installing:
 mysql-workbench-community    x86_64    8.0.31-1.el9      @commandline     39 M
Upgrading:
 proj                         x86_64    8.2.0-1.el9       epel            2.5 M
 
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install  1 Package
Upgrade  1 Package
 
Total size: 41 M
Total download size: 2.5 M
Downloading Packages:
proj-8.2.0-1.el9.x86_64.rpm                     388 kB/s | 2.5 MB     00:06    
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                           354 kB/s | 2.5 MB     00:07     
Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 9 - x86_64  1.6 MB/s | 1.6 kB     00:00    
Importing GPG key 0x3228467C:
 Userid     : "Fedora (epel9) <epel@fedoraproject.org>"
 Fingerprint: FF8A D134 4597 106E CE81 3B91 8A38 72BF 3228 467C
 From       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-9
Key imported successfully
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
Regex version mismatch, expected: 10.40 2022-04-14 actual: 10.37 2021-05-26
Regex version mismatch, expected: 10.40 2022-04-14 actual: 10.37 2021-05-26
  Preparing        :                                                        1/1 
  Upgrading        : proj-8.2.0-1.el9.x86_64                                1/3 
  Installing       : mysql-workbench-community-8.0.31-1.el9.x86_64          2/3 
  Running scriptlet: mysql-workbench-community-8.0.31-1.el9.x86_64          2/3 
  Cleanup          : proj-4.8.0-4.el7.x86_64                                3/3 
  Running scriptlet: proj-4.8.0-4.el7.x86_64                                3/3 
  Verifying        : mysql-workbench-community-8.0.31-1.el9.x86_64          1/3 
  Verifying        : proj-8.2.0-1.el9.x86_64                                2/3 
  Verifying        : proj-4.8.0-4.el7.x86_64                                3/3 
 
Upgraded:
  proj-8.2.0-1.el9.x86_64                                                       
Installed:
  mysql-workbench-community-8.0.31-1.el9.x86_64                                 
 
Complete!

After applying the dependent and mysql-community-workbench packages, you can launch MySQL Workbench by clicking the Activities symbol in the upper left hand corner. That displays the nine-dots for Show Applications icon. Click the Show Applications icon and choose the MySQL Workbench icon to launch MySQL Workbench.

You’ll be prompted with the following dialog. Just click Don’t show this message again checkbox and the OK button to launch MySQL Workbench.

As always, I hope this helps those looking to solve a real problem.

Written by maclochlainn

November 20th, 2022 at 11:31 pm

Posted in AlmaLinux,Database,DBA,Linux,MySQL,MySQL 8,MySQL Workbench,Unix

Tagged with ,

AlmaLinux LAMP

without comments


After installing and configuring MySQL 8.0.30, I installed the Apache Web Server, PHP and the MySQLi packages. Here are the step-by-step instructions after installing and configuring the MySQL Server and provisioning a student user and the sakila and studentdb databases (blog for those steps). After installing the major components, I completed the HTTPS configuration steps for Apache 2.

The installation steps are:

  1. Install the Apache packages as the sudoer user with this command: 

    sudo dnf install -y httpd
  2. Enable Apache as the sudoer user with this command: 

    chkconfig httpd on

    This returns the following completion message:

    Note: Forwarding request to 'systemctl enable httpd.service'.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service.

    A quick Linux syntax note in the event you want to confirm the link or link target later. You can use the following syntax as a sudoer user to find the link:

    ls `find /etc -type l | grep httpd.service 2>/dev/null`

    and the following syntax as a sudoer user to find the link’s target:

    readlink `find /etc -type l | grep httpd.service 2>/dev/null`
  3. You still need to start the Apache service unless you reboot the operating system as the sudoer user with this command: 

    apachectl start
  4. At this point, you need to check the firewall settings because Apache can’t even read localhost at this point. If you’re new to these firewall commands, you should consider reviewing Korbin Brown’s tutorial. As the sudoer user check the Apache available services with this command: 

    firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-services

    It should return:

    cockpit dhcpv6-client ssh

    Add the following services and ports with these commands:

    firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port 80/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port 443/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port 8080/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-service=http --permanent
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-service=https --permanent

    Check the open ports with the following command:

    firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-ports

    It should return:

    80/tcp 443/tcp 8080/tcp

    Check the open services with the following command:

    firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-services

    It should return:

    cockpit dhcpv6-client http https ssh
  5. Create the hello.htm file in the /var/www/html directory as the root user:

    Restart the Apache service as the sudoer user:

    apache restart

    <html>
<body>
Hello World!
</body>
</html>

    Then, you can launch the Firefox browser and type the following:

    localhost/hello.htm

    It should print “Hello World!” in the browser.

  6. Install the php package as the sudoer user with the following command: 

    sudo dnf install -y php

    Create the info.php file in the /var/www/html directory as the root user:

    <?php
  phpinfo();
?>

    apache restart

    Then, you can launch the Firefox browser and type the following:

    localhost/info.php

    It should return the following in the browser.

  7. Install the php_mysqli package as the sudoer user with the following command: 

    dnf install -y php-mysqli

    Create the mysqli_check.php file in the /var/www/html directory as the root user:

    <html>
<header>
<title>Static Query Object Sample</title>
</header>
<body>
<?php
  if (!function_exists('mysqli_init') && !extension_loaded('mysqli')) {
    print 'mysqli not installed.'; }
  else {
    print 'mysqli installed.'; }
  if (!function_exists('pdo_init') && !extension_loaded('pdo')) {
    print '<p>pdo not installed.</p>'; }
  else {
    print '<p>pdo installed.</p>'; }
?>
</script>
</body>
</html>

    apache restart

    Then, you can launch the Firefox browser and type the following:

    localhost/mysqli_check.php

    It should print the following in the browser.

    mysqli installed.
 
pdo installed.
  8. Check if the mod_ssl module is installed. You can use the following command:: 

    rpm -qa | grep mod_ssl

    Assuming it’s not installed, you install it like this:

    dnf install -y mod_ssl

    Recheck after installing mod_ssl with the following command::

    rpm -qa | grep mod_ssl

    It should print:

    mod_ssl-2.4.51-7.el9_0.x86_64
  9. AlmaLinux and Apache require you to resolve the ServerName values and the public and private keys. Run this command on AlmaLinux to begin verifying and configuring the ServerName values and the public and private keys: 

    httpd -M | grep ssl

    Assuming a new installation consistent with were MySQL and Apache were just configured, you should get the following message:

    AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using localhost.localdomain. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
 ssl_module (shared)

    Recheck the failure for more detail with this command:

    sudo systemctl status httpd.service -l --no-pager

    It should print:

    ● httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server
     Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
    Drop-In: /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service.d
             └─php-fpm.conf
     Active: active (running) since Sun 2022-11-13 22:39:07 EST; 1h 37min ago
       Docs: man:httpd.service(8)
   Main PID: 1351 (httpd)
     Status: "Total requests: 0; Idle/Busy workers 100/0;Requests/sec: 0; Bytes served/sec:   0 B/sec"
      Tasks: 213 (limit: 23280)
     Memory: 43.1M
        CPU: 2.733s
     CGroup: /system.slice/httpd.service
             ├─1351 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
             ├─1443 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
             ├─1452 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
             ├─1456 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
             └─1459 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
 
Nov 13 22:39:06 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting The Apache HTTP Server...
Nov 13 22:39:07 localhost.localdomain httpd[1351]: AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using localhost.localdomain. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
Nov 13 22:39:07 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started The Apache HTTP Server.
Nov 13 22:39:07 localhost.localdomain httpd[1351]: Server configured, listening on: port 80

    It takes the next set of steps to fix the ServerName values.

    • Generically, on Linux you need to find the files to modify. You can use the following command from within the /etc directory to find the configuration files in the /etc directory that include ServerName in them. Their values will be proceeded by a # symbol because they’re comments by default. 

      find /etc -type f | xargs grep -i ServerName

      It should return the following:

      ./httpd/conf.d/ssl.conf:#ServerName www.example.com:443
./httpd/conf/httpd.conf:# ServerName gives the name and port that the server uses to identify itself.
./httpd/conf/httpd.conf:#ServerName www.example.com:80
./dnsmasq.conf:# tftp_servername (the third option to dhcp-boot) and in that
    • Add the following line to the ssl.conf file as the root user: 

      ServerName localhost:443
    • Add the following line to the httpd.conf file as the root user: 

      ServerName localhost:443
    • After adding the two values, restart Apache with the following command: 

      sudo apachectl restart
    • Rerun the systemctl command to get the status of the httpd service with this command: 

      sudo systemctl status httpd.service -l --no-pager

      It should print:

      ● httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server
     Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
    Drop-In: /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service.d
             └─php-fpm.conf
     Active: active (running) since Mon 2022-11-14 00:37:03 EST; 3min 23s ago
       Docs: man:httpd.service(8)
   Main PID: 53596 (httpd)
     Status: "Total requests: 0; Idle/Busy workers 100/0;Requests/sec: 0; Bytes served/sec:   0 B/sec"
      Tasks: 213 (limit: 23280)
     Memory: 34.0M
        CPU: 183ms
     CGroup: /system.slice/httpd.service
             ├─53596 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
             ├─53597 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
             ├─53598 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
             ├─53599 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
             └─53600 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
 
Nov 14 00:37:03 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting The Apache HTTP Server...
Nov 14 00:37:03 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started The Apache HTTP Server.
Nov 14 00:37:03 localhost.localdomain httpd[53596]: Server configured, listening on: port 443, port 80
  10. Your next step requires setting up an SSL Certificate. Consistent with the design to build a standalone test system that uses a DHCP assigned IP address to resolve a localhost server name, you require the following two tasks to create an openssl self-signed certificate.

    • On the new instance, you create a private subdirectory with this command: 

      sudo mkdir /etc/ssl/private

    • Then, you can build a self-signed certificate with this command: 
      sudo openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout /etc/ssl/private/apache-selfsigned.key -out /etc/ssl/certs/apache-selfsigned.crt

      The openssl command will prompt you for these values to create a private key:

      You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:
State or Province Name (full name) []:
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:
Email Address []:
  11. Your last step requires three tasks to configure Apache to use SSL.

    • You need to create the following sites-available directory with the following command as the root user: 

      mkdir /etc/httpd/sites-available

    • Add the following localhost.conf/etc/httpd/sites-available directory: 
      <VirtualHost *:443>
   ServerName localhost
   DocumentRoot /var/www/html
 
   SSLEngine on
   SSLCertificateFile /etc/ssl/certs/localhost.crt
   SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/private/apache-selfsigned.key
</VirtualHost>

    • Restart Apache with the following command: 

      sudo apachectl restart
  12. After configuring everything, let’s test our self-signed HTTPS skunkworks. Launch the default Firefox browser and enter the following URL, which uses the mysql_check.php file from step #7: 

    https://localhost/mysqli_check.php

    It will raise a warning message about a potential security risk, which is caused by our self-signed certificate. Click the Advanced… button and will see the option to Accept the Risk and Continue. If you want to use the self-signed and contained AlmaLinux LAMP stack for developer testing, accept the risk.

    Having assumed the risk, the confirmation of the configuration will be displayed as follows:

As always, I hope this helps those looking to install MySQL, PHP, on AlmaLinux.

Written by maclochlainn

October 30th, 2022 at 11:16 pm

Posted in AlmaLinux,Apache,Linux,MySQL,MySQL 8,mysqli,Unix

Tagged with , ,

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